Urinary metabolomics study of vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Abstract

Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is widespread and seriously affects human health. Vancomycin is a classical glycopeptide antibiotic. Vancomycin is widely used for severe infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus but its obvious nephrotoxicity affects the safety of its clinical application. However, the etiology of vancomycin induced kidney injury is not well understood. This study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Vancomycin (400 mgkg−1) was used to establish kidney injury models in rats. A metabonomic approach was employed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) to delineate metabolic alterations. As a result, 15, 22, and 37 biomarkers were identified in urine samples from the treatment group compared to the control model on D2, D4, and D7, respectively. Changes in the levels of these metabolites indicated that amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism were disturbed in rats with vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity. This study revealed the kidney effect of vancomycin, which may provide novel and promising research approaches to vancomycin-induced renal toxicity.

Blood Biomarkers and Metabolomic Profiling for the Early Diagnosis of Vancomycin-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies

“…Early identification of AKI in patients receiving vancomycin could enable clinicians to stop or change therapy before irreversible toxicity results. In a study exploring the potential mechanism of VIKI in rats, the authors performed urinary metabolomic analysis on animals treated with intraperitoneal vancomycin for 2, 4, 7 days, and control (saline) [50]. They reported that amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism were disturbed in rats with vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity.…”