Urine albumin excretion: Characterization of normal variability in healthy children

Brandt, John R.; Wong, Craig S.; Jacobs, Aaron; Staples, Amy

doi:10.4236/ojped.2013.32012

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…Albumin excretion is most accurately described using 24 hours urine collection, but it is cumbersome and prone to collection error [27]. To overcome this problem, albuminuria is evaluate by measuring the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) in a spot urine sample [3].…”

Section: Urinary Albumin-to-creatinine Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of urinary albumin detection kit

Hongtanee

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This work developed the colorimetric determination of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and creatinine in urine sample. The studied ranges are 0 – 30 mg/L for BSA and 0 – 3000 mg/L for creatinine. The layer-by-layer deposition technique (LbL) was used to modify the surface of cellulose acetate membrane (CA) for albumin and creatinine extraction via electrostatic interactions. The suitable polyelectrolyte pair used in this work was poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (PDADMAC) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS). For the albumin determination, BSA prepared in synthetic urine was diluted 4-fold with 5 mM pH 7 phosphate buffer and filtered through the modified membrane of which PDADMAC was the outermost layer. The adsorbed BSA on the membrane was eluted and detected with tetrabromophenol blue in Triton X-100 at pH 3, resulting in a change in the color of TBPB-BSA solution from yellow to green. The absorbance intensity was measured with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 625 nm. The relationship between the BSA concentration and the absorbance intensity was observed in the range of 2.5 – 7.5 mg/L with the detection limit of 0.47 mg/L. The recovery of albumin from samples was 81.2 – 106.9% and the relative standard deviation was 0.8 – 3.2%. For the creatinine determination, the modified membrane of which PSS was the outermost layer was used to extract creatinine. The adsorbed creatinine on membrane was detected with Jaffé reaction, forming a yellow-orange complex. The color intensity was monitored by Image J software. The linearity of this method was in the range of 0 – 100 mg/L and the limit of detection was found to be 3.53 mg/L. The recovery of creatinine from samples was found in the range of 102.2 – 103.3% and the relative standard deviation was less than 7.6%. Moreover, the color change from albumin and creatinine determination could be observed visually. Therefore, the proposed method could be applied to determine albumin and creatinine in urine samples by both colorimetric and naked eyes detection for the early diagnosis of kidney failure.

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Section: Urinary Albumin-to-creatinine Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of urinary albumin detection kit

Hongtanee

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Longitudinal changes in oxidative stress and early renal injury in children exposed to DEHP and melamine in the 2011 Taiwan food scandal

Tsai

Hsiung

Lee

et al. 2022

Environment International

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Development of a multiplex mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantification of urinary proteins related to respiratory health

Nauwelaerts

Roosens

Bernard

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Respiratory health of children is a health priority. Club cell protein (CC16) is an interesting biomarker of lung diseases and adverse effects towards the airway epithelium integrity. Osteopontin (OPN) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) also play a role in respiratory health. The use of urine as biomarker source is useful in studies involving children but necessitates proper adjustment for physiological confounders influencing the urinary excretion, potentially characterized with beta-2-microglobulin (β2M), retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) or myoglobin (MYO), as well as adjustment for possible renal dysfunction, characterized by human serum albumin (HSA). The simultaneous quantification of all these proteins in urine could facilitate children’s health monitoring. A multiple reaction monitoring method (MRM) was developed and validated for the relative quantification of the seven mentioned urinary proteins. A total of nine proteotypic peptides were selected and used for the relative quantification of the seven proteins. The MRM method was completely validated for all proteins and partially for OPN. LOQ’s ranged from 0.3 to 42.8 ng/ml, a good reproducibility and a good linearity were obtained across the analytical measurement range (r2 > 0.98). The method yielded varying correlations (r2 of 0.78, 0.71, 0.34 and 0.15 for CC16, β2M, RBP4 and HSA respectively) with available immunoassay data. It also allowed the identification and successful quantification of β2M and RBP4 as a protein candidate for adjustment of renal handling and dysfunction. All proteins were detected in the urine samples except for MYO and NF-κB. Our validated MRM-method is able to simultaneously quantify in urine biomarkers of airway epithelium integrity and biomarkers of variation in renal function and urinary dilution. This will allow to investigate further in future studies if urine can be used as a good surrogate source for biomarkers of airway epithelium integrity, and to understand the complex relationship between cause and effect in children’s respiratory health monitoring.

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Urine albumin excretion: Characterization of normal variability in healthy children

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Development of urinary albumin detection kit

Development of urinary albumin detection kit

Longitudinal changes in oxidative stress and early renal injury in children exposed to DEHP and melamine in the 2011 Taiwan food scandal

Development of a multiplex mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantification of urinary proteins related to respiratory health

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