Urogenital Apparatus

Development of an immunoassay for the differentiation of menstrual blood from peripheral blood

“…Also, the only nucleated cells in peripheral blood were white blood cells. In contrast, menstruum contained in addition to white blood cells, other types of cells, such as epithelial and stromal, thereby confirming previously documented observations [9,10]. Additionally, the menstrual blood smear displayed fewer red blood cells than the peripheral, due to the blood found in menstrual fluid being diluted by vaginal fluid and cellular debris from the endometrium [11].…”

“…Menstrual blood therefore contains cells from this region namely epithelia, basal lamina, uterine glands and stroma [9] in addition to blood from ruptured blood vessels. Blood identification methods will therefore produce the same results for both peripheral and menstrual blood.…”