Urolithiasis: An Update on Diagnostic Modalities and Treatment Protocols

Bawari, Sweta; Sah, Archana N.; Tewari, Dharmesh

doi:10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000214

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 104 publications

(175 reference statements)

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“…High recurrence rate of urolithiasis mounting to over 50% relapses in 5–10 years is exacerbating [3] . Moreover, benefits from a plethora of urological interventions available for the treatment of urinary stone disease ranging from medical expulsive therapy to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy are compromised due to associated complications [4] and tendency to promote recurrence [5] . These treatment options for urolithiasis have emerged as one of the major contributors of chronic kidney disease [6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticalcifying effect of Daucus carota in experimental urolithiasis in Wistar rats

Bawari

Sah

Tewari

2020

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine

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Background Urolithiasis is a burgeoning disease that results from pathological biomineralization. Daucus carota L. is a widely consumed food crop with reported nephroprotective and diuretic activity. Its potential for Ashmari bhedan (destruction of stone/calculi) or treatment of urinary calculi has been explored traditionally. However, no scientific evidence is available to prove its antiurolithiatic efficacy. Moreover, establishing the antiurolithiatic effects of D . carota , an extensively consumed commodity with numerous health benefits, would provide a beneficial dietary measure for the prevention and cure of urolithiasis. Objective The study aimed at investigating in vivo antiurolithiatic potential of hydroethanolic extract of D . carota roots against calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Materials and methods Ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride induced hyperoxaluria model of urolithiasis in male Wistar rats was used for the study. Urine and serum parameters and, kidney histopathology was used to determine the antilithic efficacy of D . carota root extract. Results D . carota extract significantly ameliorated abnormal urinary levels of calcium, oxalate, phosphate, magnesium, citrate, protein and uric acid in lithogenic rats. Serum BUN, creatinine and uric acid levels; and calcium, phosphate and oxalate deposition in kidney tissue were also rendered normal following D . carota treatment. D . carota extract also prevented oxidative stress mediated renal tissue degeneration both prophylactically and curatively. Conclusion This study suggests antiurolithiatic effect of D . carota roots, which can be attributed to its anticrystallization property, ability to ameliorate urine and serum biochemistry and renal cellularity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticalcifying effect of Daucus carota in experimental urolithiasis in Wistar rats

Bawari

Sah

Tewari

2020

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine

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“…Results of Phytochemical screening [14]. Therefore, the anti-crystallization, anti aggregatory and crystal growth defying activity of the plants would have been an…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2019

APPR

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The term urolithiaisis (Greek-'ouron' for urine, 'oros' for flow, and 'lithos' for stone) refers to the formation of solid concretions consisting of both protein and crystalline materials in the lumen of urinary tract attached to the uro-epithelium [1]. Urolithiasis is a major health problem that affects 12% of the global population [2].It is more prevalent between the ages of 20 to 40 in both sexes, with a male to female ratio of 2:1 [3]. Urinary calculi may have various compositions which include: calcium oxalate (monohydrate or dihydrate), struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate), uric acid, calcium phosphate, and cystine. There are other less common stones, including xanthine and drug-related stones as well. Globally, calcium oxalate is considered as the main constituent in the renal calculi and represents about 80% of all the cases [4,5]. A wide range of medicinal plants have been used in different countries and cultures as a prophylactic and curative agent for urolithiasis [6,7,8]. They have been used conventionally for urolithiaisis due to their cost effectiveness, fewer side effects and because they contain numerous phytochemicals that show beneficial effects in urolithiasis [9]. Maerua angolensis Figure 1 is traditionally used in the treatment of urolithiasis in Eritrea. It is a shrub or small tree, usually growing 5-6 m tall but with reports of some trees up to 10m tall. The plant is often rather rambling, with spreading or drooping

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“…Однако следует учитывать, что у 85% пациентов, принимающих D-пеницилламин, возникают значительные побочные эффекты, и около 70% в конечном итоге прекращают его принимать [106]. Альфа-меркаптопропионилглицин (или тиопронин) является лучше переносимой альтернативой D-пеницилламину, но его эффективность и доступность намного ниже по сравнению с D-пеницилламином [107]. Считается, что максимальная концентрация цистина в моче обнаруживается ночью, поэтому важны прием жидкости и хелатная терапия перед сном [108].…”

Section: цистиновые камниunclassified

Treatment Characteristics of Kidney Stone Disease in Children

Bairashevskaia

Байдин

Цариченко

et al. 2021

Vopr. sovr. pediatr.

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Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a disease caused by the formation of calculi in kidneys and other parts of the urinary tract. The rate of hospitalization of children with KSD worldwide is increasing. The adequate method of calculus extraction and further therapy according to calculus composition and metabolic disorders are crucial for effective treatment of patients with KSD and recurrence risk reduction. This review covers surgical (extracorporeal lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, retrograde intrarenal surgery, ureterolithotripsy, laparoscopy, open surgery) and non-surgical (lithokinetic and litholytic) therapy. Special attention is paid to metaphylaxis, or recurrence prevention, and calculi formation. It is noted that medication of children with KSD can be aggravated by various adverse reactions, complexity in drugs dosages in children of first years of life. Moreover, all surgical methods are characterized by high risk of postoperative complications development. The relevance of KSD genetic nature in children, the role of lifestyle changes in disease development, the implementation of new drugs for metabolic disorders correction are presented in the article.

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Urolithiasis: An Update on Diagnostic Modalities and Treatment Protocols

Cited by 19 publications

References 104 publications

Anticalcifying effect of Daucus carota in experimental urolithiasis in Wistar rats

Anticalcifying effect of Daucus carota in experimental urolithiasis in Wistar rats

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Treatment Characteristics of Kidney Stone Disease in Children

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