“…8). Thus, UII stimulates P38MAPK and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in UT-transfected cell lines (Ziltener et al, 2002), cardiac myocytes (Zou et al, 2001;Onan et al, 2004b), vascular smooth muscle cells (Watanabe et al, 2001b;Tamura et al, 2003), airway smooth muscle cells (Chen et al, 2004), endothelial cells (Matsushita et al, 2003;Guidolin et al, 2010), and endothelium-denuded rat aorta (Tasaki et al, 2004). UII also stimulates proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells through activation of p38 and p44/42 MAPK (Xu et al, 2012).…”