CP-060 (1), 2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3- [3-[N-methyl-N-[2-[3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenoxy]ethyl]amino]propyl]-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one, is a novel type of Ca 2+ antagonist possessing both Ca 2+ overload inhibition and antioxidant activity. The structure-activity relationships for this series of compounds were studied by synthesizing the analogues and evaluating these three kinds of activity. Ca 2+ antagonistic activity was largely determined by the lipophilicity of the phenyl group at the 2-position and the length of the alkyl chains. As for the antioxidant activity, it was demonstrated that the phenolic hydroxyl group is an essential structural element. Compounds with potent activity were evaluated for their effect on the coronary blood flow in vivo. Among these compounds, compound 1 was shown to be the most potent. Furthermore, the enantiomers of 1 were resolved by high-performance liquid chromatography with a chiral column. Compound (-)-1 showed about 10 times higher Ca 2+ antagonistic activity than (+)-1, though both enantiomers had similar potency in Ca 2+ overload inhibition and antioxidant activity. An X-ray crystal structure determination of (-)-1 hydrogen fumarate identified (-)-1 as having S configuration at the 2-position.

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A series of 2-(3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(aminopropyl)thiazolidinones was synthesized in order to explore novel calcium antagonists with potent antiischemic activity. These compounds were designed to have, in addition to Ca2+ antagonistic activity, both Ca2+ overload prevention and antioxidant activity in one molecule. These three kinds of activity were evaluated by using a K+-depolarized rat aorta, a veratridine-induced Ca2+ overload model of rat cardiomyocytes, and a soybean lipoxygenase-induced lipid peroxidation model of rabbit low-density lipoprotein, respectively. In particular, 2-(3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[3-[N-methyl-N-[2-[3, 4-(methylenedioxy)phenoxy]ethyl]amino]propyl]-1,3-thiazolidin-4-on e (7o) was found to be highly potent and possessed a well-balanced combination of these actions in vitro.

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