US biofuels subsidies and CO2 emissions: An empirical test for a weak and a strong green paradox

Grafton, R. Quentin; Kompas, Tom; Long, Ngo Van; To, Hang

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2013.11.006

Cited by 58 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Also in Brazil, where the ethanol industry is highly competitive, there is a debate on the need to decrease fiscal incentives to find a balance between the competitiveness of the sector and lost revenues for public bodies (Cavalcanti et al, 2012). The US are also including blending mandates for biofuels (as encompassed by the Renewable Fuel Standard) coupled with fiscal incentives (Grafton et al, 2014), and similar patterns feature energy policies in most emerging economies such as China and India, where fiscal incentives are coupled with blending mandates although at regional/state rather than national level (Hassan and Kalam, 2013).…”

Section: Biofuels: Overview and Consumers' Wtpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting drivers' willingness to pay for biofuels: the case of Italy

Lanzini

Testa

Iraldo

2016

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Biofuels represent a promising alternative to substitute fossil fuels and, given the relevance of environmental impacts of the transport sector, policy initiatives worldwide aim at supporting the shift towards such cleaner energy source. Acknowledging the crucial role that biofuels will play in years to come in the energetic paradigm, the study aims at investigating key-determinants of drivers' willingness to pay for biofuels, focusing on a sample of 260 individuals from Northern Italy (n ¼ 260). In line with recent research on consumer behavior, socio-demographics are not good predictors of drivers' willingness to pay. Surprisingly, on the other hand, knowledge of the topic is negatively correlated to willingness to pay, so that the more people know about biofuels, the less they are willing to pay a premium price. Moreover, certification is not an effective tool to convince drivers of the eco-friendliness of biofuels, hence spurring willingness to pay. Possible explanations of the research findings as well as policy implications are discussed in detail, along with suggestions for future research on the topic.

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Section: Biofuels: Overview and Consumers' Wtpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting drivers' willingness to pay for biofuels: the case of Italy

Lanzini

Testa

Iraldo

2016

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…Making biofuel affordable and encouraging people to use green energy but this is insufficient to meet the goals of GHGs reduction 44,45 . A study by Grafton et al 46 shows the subsidy for biofuel drives the oil and gas companies to extract more fossil fuels to reduce the price of fossil fuel and make it more affordable compared to biofuel. Viesturs and Melece 14 stated that efforts need to be made to increase the energy efficiency and conversion of the first generation biofuels to meet the global goal of the GHGs reduction.…”

Section: First Generation Biofuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of the four generations of biofuels – A review

et al. 2020

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Biofuel has emerged as an alternative source of energy to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and combat global warming. Biofuels are classified into first, second, third and fourth generations. Each of the biofuel generations aims to meet the global energy demand while minimizing environmental impacts. Sustainability is defined as meeting the needs of the current generations without jeopardizing the needs of future generations. The aim of sustainability is to ensure continuous growth of the economy while protecting the environment and societal needs. Thus, this paper aims to evaluate the sustainability of these four generations of biofuels. The objectives are to compare the production of biofuel, the net greenhouse gases emissions, and energy efficiency. This study is important in providing information for the policymakers and researchers in the decision-making for the future development of green energy. Each of the biofuel generations shows different benefits and drawbacks. From this study, we conclude that the first generation biofuel has the highest biofuel production and energy efficiency, but is less effective in meeting the goal of reducing the greenhouse gases emission. The third generation biofuel shows the lowest net greenhouse gases emissions, allowing the reduction of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. However, the energy required for the processing of the third generation biofuel is higher and, this makes it less environmentally friendly as fossil fuels are used to generate electricity. The third and fourth generation feedstocks are the potential sustainable source for the future production of biofuel. However, more studies need to be done to find an alternative low cost for biofuel production while increasing energy efficiency.

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“…Besides the negative environmental effect of excessive use, energy from fossil fuels can put at risk the future global energy security due to the significant drop in remaining resources on Terra. Burning fossil fuels for energy requirements contributes to the increase in greenhouse-gas concentrations in the atmosphere [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], thus enhancing the security of power supply chain and diminishing the greenhouse-gas emissions, which require heedful care and serious consideration now more than ever [18,19]. This is the main reason why both local and global measures need to be taken.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%