Use and importance of quina (Cinchona spp.) and ipeca (Carapichea ipecacuanha (Brot.) L. Andersson): Plants for medicinal use from the 16th century to the present

Júnior, Washington Soares Ferreira; Cruz, Margarita Paloma; Santos, Lucilene Lima dos; Medeiros, María Franco Trindade

doi:10.1016/j.hermed.2012.07.003

Cited by 36 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…L as especies del género Cinchona fueron catalogadas como "Salvadoras de la Humanidad" (Zevallos, 1989) y "Planta Nacional del Ecuador" (Acosta-Solis, 1989), al ser medicina natural de tradición incaica (Villar del Fresno y Doadrio, 2008), por su uso en el tratamiento de fiebre causada por el paludismo, desde la época colonial (alrededor de 1630) (Canales et al, 2020;Júnior et al, 2012;Zevallos, 1989). La Corona Española declaró a los bosques de cascarilla de las colinas cercanas a Loja como Reserva Real en 1751 (Crawford, 2016) con la finalidad de proveer de Cinchona a la Farmacia Real de Madrid (Fernández-Pérez et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Identificación morfológica de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares en poblaciones nativas de Cinchona officinalis en la provincia de Loja, Ecuador

Arévalo Capa,

Loján

2023

CEDAMAZ

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Cinchona officinalis (cascarilla) ha sido usada para combatir la fiebre causada por el paludismo, por esta razón ha sido sobrexplotada en el sur del Ecuador desde la época colonial llegando a diezmar sus poblaciones nativas. Bajo este contexto, es necesario establecer estrategias que permitan la reintroducción de esta especie en sus zonas originales de distribución. Una de estas estrategias es la asociación en su fase temprana de desarrollo con hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA). El objetivo de la presente investigación fue identificar los géneros de HMA asociados a poblaciones naturales de Cinchona officinalis a través de un análisis morfológico de las esporas apoyado en descripciones del International Collection of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (INVAM). La zona de estudio se concentró en cinco sitios del cantón Loja, de donde se extrajeron muestras de rizósfera y raicillas. Posteriormente se instalaron sistemas trampa para el cultivo de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares con Plantago lanceolata como planta hospedera. Luego de nueve meses del establecimiento de los sistemas trampa, se calcularon los porcentajes de colonización y longitud de colonización de raíces. El análisis morfológico de las esporas permitió identificar cuatro géneros de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares: Gigaspora, Funneliformis, Glomus y Acaulospora, el más abundante fue Glomus, seguido de Acaulospora, mientras que Gigaspora fue el más escaso. El porcentaje de colonización en raíces de C. officinalis varió entre el 80% a 89%, mientras que el porcentaje de longitud de colonización de raíz tuvo una variación de entre el 20,97 y 38,12%. Estos resultados sugieren que, en su ecosistema natural, C. officinalis tiene una alta colonización de hongos micorrízicos, siendo Glomus el género dominante. Los porcentajes de colonización fueron elevados, a diferencia de las plantas trampa, esto pudo deberse a diferencias en las condiciones ambientales y características del suelo.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Identificación morfológica de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares en poblaciones nativas de Cinchona officinalis en la provincia de Loja, Ecuador

Arévalo Capa,

Loján

2023

CEDAMAZ

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“…For example, C. officinalis is a shrub of the Rubiaceae family whose bark is well known for its very bitter taste and its antimalarial properties. This plant is rich in alkaloids such as quinine, dihydroquinine, cinchonidine, epiquinin, quinidine, dihydroquinidine, cinchonine and epiquinidine [6,7]. G. lucida Vesque is also a well-known herbal medicine whose seeds, fruits and barks were reported to possess cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects [8] and are recognized to be useful in the treatment of gastric and gynecological infections, diarrheas, cure for snake bites as well as an antidote against poison [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and Antibiotic-Resistance Reversal Activity of Some Medicinal Plants from Cameroon against Selected Resistant and Non-Resistant Uropathogenic Bacteria

Arsène¹,

Podoprigora²,

Davares³

et al. 2022

Front. Biosci. (Elite Ed)

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Background and Aim: Antibiotics' resistance is the leading cause of complications in the treatment of urinary tract infections. This study aimed to screen the antimicrobial potential of 8 plants from Cameroon against multi-resistant uropathogenic (MRU) bacteria and to investigate their antibioresistance reversal properties. Method: Bioactive compounds were extracted from leaves of Leucanthemum vulgare, Cymbopogon citratus, Moringa oleifera and Vernonia amygdalina; barks of Cinchona officinalis and Enantia chlorantha barks and seeds of Garcinia lucida and leaves and seeds of Azadirachta indica using water and ethanol as solvents. The extracts were tested against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Candida albicans 10231 using the well diffusion and the broth microdilution methods. The antibiotic-resistance reversal activity was assessed against selected MRU bacteria. The phytochemical composition and the elemental composition of the most active extracts were assessed respectively using HPLC-MS/MS and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. Results: Among the most active plants, in decreasing order of antimicrobial activity we found ethanolic (EE) and aqueous extracts (AE) of E. chloranta bark (ECB), EE of L. vulgare leaves and G. lucida seeds. The best synergies between common antibiotics and extracts were found with EE-ECB which well-modulated kanamycin nitrofurantoin and ampicillin. All the compounds identified in EE-ECB were alkaloids and the major constituents were palmatine (51.63%), columbamine+7,8-dihydro-8-hydroxypalmatine (19.21%), jatrorrhizine (11.02%) and pseudocolumbamine (6.33%). Among the minerals found in EE-ECB (S, Si, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn and Br), Br, Fe and Cl were the most abundant with mean fluorescence intensities of 4.6529, 3.4854 and 2.5942 cps/uA respectively. Conclusions: The ethanol extract of the bark of E. chlorantha has remarkable, broad-spectrum antimicrobial and contains several palmatine derivatives.

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“…It is a species that is distributed in bands along the extension of the Atlantic, the Amazon, Central America and Colombia (2) . Its economic importance is due to the pharmacological properties present in its roots, where emetine and cephaeline are concentrated (3)(4)(5) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro propagation of Psychotria ipecacuanha (Brot.) Stokes under different concentrations of Indoleacetic Acid

Silva

Pinheiro

Assunção

et al. 2018

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Psychotria ipecacuanha, é uma planta medicinal nativa da América com a maior área de ocorrência no Estado de Mato Grosso - Brasil, críticamente ameaçada devido à sobreexploração das populações naturais. Devido à dificuldades na propagação convencional, o objetivo deste estudo foi a avaliação do efeito de diferentes concentrações do regulador de crescimento ácido indolacético (AIA) na propagação in vitro de P. ipecacuanha. Segmentos nodais foram cultivados em meio de Murashige e Skoog (MS) sem reguladores de crescimento (controle) e suplementado com quatro concentrações (0,05; 0,5; 1,5 e 2,0 mg.L-1) de AIA, em meios semi-sólidos. Após 60 dias de cultivo, segmentos nodais (n=30) cultivados em meio de Murashige & Skoog (MS) suplementado com 0,05 mg.L-1 de AIA produziram, em média, 4,56 segmentos nodais por explante, cujas plântulas foram aclimatizadas com sucesso, sem exibição de qualquer anomalia morfológica ou variação.

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Use and importance of quina (Cinchona spp.) and ipeca (Carapichea ipecacuanha (Brot.) L. Andersson): Plants for medicinal use from the 16th century to the present

Cited by 36 publications

References 46 publications

Identificación morfológica de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares en poblaciones nativas de Cinchona officinalis en la provincia de Loja, Ecuador

Identificación morfológica de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares en poblaciones nativas de Cinchona officinalis en la provincia de Loja, Ecuador

Antimicrobial and Antibiotic-Resistance Reversal Activity of Some Medicinal Plants from Cameroon against Selected Resistant and Non-Resistant Uropathogenic Bacteria

In vitro propagation of Psychotria ipecacuanha (Brot.) Stokes under different concentrations of Indoleacetic Acid

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