Background Depression is underdiagnosed and undertreated in primary health care. When associated with chronic physical disorders, it worsens outcomes. There is a clear gap in the treatment of depression in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where specialists and funds are scarce. Interventions supported by mobile health (mHealth) technologies may help to reduce this gap. Mobile phones are widely used in LMICs, offering potentially feasible and affordable alternatives for the management of depression among individuals with chronic disorders. Objective This study aimed to explore the potential effectiveness of an mHealth intervention to help people with depressive symptoms and comorbid hypertension or diabetes and explore the feasibility of conducting large randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods Emotional Control (CONEMO) is a low-intensity psychoeducational 6-week intervention delivered via mobile phones and assisted by a nurse for reducing depressive symptoms among individuals with diabetes or hypertension. CONEMO was tested in 3 pilot studies, 1 in São Paulo, Brazil, and 2 in Lima, Peru. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) at enrollment and at 6-week follow-up. Results The 3 pilot studies included a total of 66 people. Most participants were females aged between 41 and 60 years. There was a reduction in depressive symptoms as measured by PHQ-9 in all pilot studies. In total, 58% (38/66) of the participants reached treatment success rate (PHQ-9 <10), with 62% (13/21) from São Paulo, 62% (13/21) from the first Lima pilot, and 50% (12/24) from the second Lima pilot study. The intervention, the app, and the support offered by the nurse and nurse assistants were well received by participants in both settings. Conclusions The intervention was feasible in both settings. Clinical data suggested that CONEMO may help in decreasing participants’ depressive symptoms. The findings also indicated that it was possible to conduct RCTs in these settings.

Foram investigados os efeitos de ácido indol acético (11,42 μmol L -1 ) e benzilaminopurina (8,87 μmol L -1 ) sobre o crescimento e composição do óleo essencial de plantas in vitro de Melissa officinalis. Plantas desenvolvidas em meio de Murashige e Skoog (MS) apresentaram o incremento de 1,4 vezes na proporção de nerol e de 4,1vezes de geraniol, quando comparadas às plantas ex vitro. Tratamentos com 11,42 μmol L -1 de ácido indol acético mais 8,87 μmol L -1 de benzilaminopurina resultaram em aumentos de 1,7 e 2,2 vezes na proporção de nerol e geraniol, respectivamente, em plantas de 60 dias. Estes aumentos podem estar associados à ação dos reguladores de crescimento, por estimularem o desenvolvimento vegetal (na organogênese e alongamento de brotos) e retardarem a oxidação de álcoois em aldeídos.It was investigated the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (11.42 μmol L -1 ), benzylaminopurine (8.87 μmol L -1 ) on essential oil composition and on the growth of Melissa officinalis in vitro plants. In vitro plantlets developed on MS media, showed 1.4 times in the proportion of nerol and 4.1 of geraniol, when compared with ex vitro plants. Treatments with 11.42 μmol L -1 indole-3-acetic acid plus 8.87 μmol L -1 benzylaminopurine led to 1.7 and 2.2 fold in proportion of nerol and geraniol, respectively in 60-day-old whole plants. These increases might be associated with the action of growth regulators wich stimulate plant growth (shoot organogenesis and elongation) and delaying the alcohol oxidation to aldehydes. Keywords: Melissa officinalis, essential oil composition, VOCs, GC/MS, growth regulators, tissue culture IntroductionMelissa officinalis Lam. (Lamiaceae) also known as lemon balm, is a perennial herb that presents a lemon flavor. The infusion of its leaves is used in folk medicine due to its sedative and antispasmodic properties. The chemical composition of the essential oil of the M. officinalis leaf (0.02-0.3% dry weight) has been previously studied, being the major compounds citronellal (2-40%) and citral (mixture of neral and geranial: 10-30%), followed by β-caryophyllene, germacrene D, ocimene and citronellol. 1 The growth of sprouts and roots and the composition of the essential leaf oil can be altered by addition of selected phytohormones into the nutrition medium. 2 Culture media supplemented with high concentrations of BA induced Melissa officinalis plants to accumulate more than 10% alloaromadendrene. 3 In order to identify possible factors affecting the oil production and its quality, M. officinalis was cultured in vitro and the effect of growth regulators on the essential oil yield and composition were evaluated by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Experimental Plant materialSeeds acquired from ISLAR, batch Nº 8250 were used to obtain the plant material. Erika Von Sohsten Medeiros Treatment with growth regulatorsNodal segments of in vitro plantlets were cultured in four different media composition: MS0; MS plus 11.42 μmol L -1 Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA); MS plus 8.87 μmol ...

Milk fever is an important metabolic disorder that affects dairy cows around parturition. It is associated with a breakdown in the mechanisms of calcium homeostasis, resulting in very low blood calcium levels (hypocalcemia). The main objective of this study was to dissect the genetic basis underlying milk fever incidence in Holstein cattle. Data consisted of 31.6 k producer-recorded lactation incidence records from 15.3 k cows. The analysis included a whole-genome scan and a subsequent gene-set analysis in order to reveal individual genes, genetic mechanisms and biological pathways implicated in the incidence of periparturient hypocalcemia. The association analysis identified at least eight different genomic regions that explain considerable amounts of additive genetic variance for milk fever incidence. Notably, some of these regions harbor genes, such as CYP27A1, CYP2J2, GC, SNAI2, and PIM1, that are directly involved in vitamin D metabolic pathway. Moreover, the gene-set analysis revealed several functional terms, such as calcium ion binding, calcium ion transportation, T cell differentiation, B cell activation, protein phosphorylation, apoptosis, and protein kinase activity, among others, that could be implicated in the development of periparturient hypocalcemia. Overall, this comprehensive study contributes to a better understanding of the genetic control of this complex disease. In addition, these findings may contribute to the development of novel breeding strategies for reducing the incidence of milk fever in dairy cattle.

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