Use of 3D scanning technique to determine tire deformation in static conditions

Ptak, Weronika; Czarnecki, J.; Brennensthul, Marek

doi:10.4081/jae.2022.1221

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Each time a footprint was created, it was scanned with a 3D scanner [25], the specifications of which are shown in Table 1. The scanner was connected to a laptop computer with Smarttech3Dmeasure software, which allowed the scanner to be operated.…”

Section: Scanning Process and Measurement Of Footprint Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Tires Acting on Soil in Field Conditions Using the 3D Scanning Method

et al. 2023

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This research presents the results of tests conducted under field conditions and included measuring the footprint of tires on soil. Two agricultural tires of the same size but different internal structures were tested, 500/50R17 (radial) and 500/50-17 (bias-ply). The factors were tire inflation pressure (0.8 bar, 1.6 bar, and 2.4 bar) and tire vertical load (7.8 kN, 11.8 kN, and 15.7 kN). The footprint made on the soil was scanned with a 3D scanner, resulting in a digital image of the tire footprint on the soil to enable an analysis of the measured parameters: length, width, depth, and contact area (in 3D form). Statistical analysis showed that for radial tire footprints, both inflation pressure and vertical load had a significant effect on all analyzed parameters. For bias-ply tire footprints, it was shown that only inflation pressure had a significant effect on all of the analyzed parameters, while the significance of the effect of the vertical load was not confirmed for the footprint depth. Based on the results obtained, the suitability of models describing the relationship between operating factors and the actual footprint area was verified. It was found that for a radial tire, the model formulated based on laboratory tests can predict the contact surface under field conditions (the correlation coefficient R2 was equal to 0.9226). In the case of a bias-ply tire, the correlation coefficient R2 reached a value equal to 0.5828. This indicates a less accurate estimation of the surface area under field conditions based on the model designed after laboratory testing.

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Section: Scanning Process and Measurement Of Footprint Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Tires Acting on Soil in Field Conditions Using the 3D Scanning Method

et al. 2023

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“…Another method uses photogrammetry, a study approach based on photography and image processing. Compared to manual measurement, photogrammetry may capture a broader range of research fields utilizing optical photography equipment 17 and more accurately reflect the fine details of an object’s shape by applying close-range photography 34 , 35 . Therefore, photogrammetry is an ideal tool for recognizing the wheel tracks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of wheel track in the wheat field

Zhang

2024

Sci Rep

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Agriculture machinery navigating along permanent traffic lanes in the farmland may avoid causing extensive soil compaction. However, the permanent traffic lanes are frequently covered up or eliminated by following tillage practices. It is necessary to identify the wheel tracks designed as permanent traffic lanes in order to ensure the agriculture machinery travels along the designated wheel tracks when cultivating the field. This study proposed an identification method of wheel tracks based on the morphological characteristics of wheel tracks and the environmental conditions around the wheel tracks in the wheat fields. The proposed method first utilized the maximum interclass variance to identify the contours of the main part of the wheel track and the shadow regions around the wheel track’s edges. The main part of the wheel tracks was then separated from interference pixels by moving the centerline of the main part of the wheel track, which was derived by skeleton algorithm and curve fitting, towards the right or left edge of the wheel track at a specific distance. In a morphological opening operation, specific linear and circular structural elements were used to segment the shadow regions along the edge of the wheel track. The remaining wheel track was finally recognized by computing the complement of the region identified. After achieving the segmentation of wheel tracks, many reference points near the outside of the wheel track edge in the original image were chosen as fiducial points for evaluating the differences between the actual value and the recognized wheel track edge. The evaluation was based on computing the root mean squared error (RMSE) and the mean absolute error (MAE) of coordinates of reference points and recognized wheel track edge. The results showed that the largest RMSE and MAE were 24.01 pixels (0.0045 m) and 17.32 pixels (0.0032 m), respectively. The low values of RMSE and MAE reveal that the accuracy of the algorithm developed in this study is high, and using this algorithm may segment the wheel track in the wheat field accurately.

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“…Diserens et al (2011) measured tire contact area by analyzing the images of a tire footprint using Adobe Photoshop Elements graphics editing software (Adobe Inc., San Jose, CA). Ptak et al (2022) utilized a digital method comprising images and 3D scanning of agricultural tire profiles to create profiles, in the vertical-lateral plane, of loaded tire cross sections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic measurement of 3D tire-soil contact on an artificial soil

Alkhalifa

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This chapter provides a comprehensive literature review on proposed models for the study of tire-soil interaction from previous studies; the major topics involved are the tire-soil prediction equations, tire model parameterization, soil model parameterization and their relationships and parameters in the study of tire off-road traction dynamics, the basic terminology in tire-soil interaction studies, and single wheel testers.

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Use of 3D scanning technique to determine tire deformation in static conditions

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of Tires Acting on Soil in Field Conditions Using the 3D Scanning Method

Evaluation of Tires Acting on Soil in Field Conditions Using the 3D Scanning Method

Identification of wheel track in the wheat field

Systematic measurement of 3D tire-soil contact on an artificial soil

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