Use of a thiophene-based conducting polymer in microbial biosensing

Electrochemical polymerization of 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2,5-di(2-thienyl)-1 H-pyrrole as a novel immobilization platform for microbial sensing

“…It has been also used for enzyme immobilization for glucose biosensing [50]. Immobilization of intact P. fluorescens cells was also successfully achieved on a thiophene-based conducting polymer and a good linearity as well as repeatability and operational stability was observed in our previous study [38]. Moreover, the polymerization of a functionalized pyrrole produces polymers with interesting properties and is a way of immobilizing (bio)-molecules on the electrode surface [51].…”

“…P. fluorescens is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium present in water, soils and in the plant rhizosphere [48,49]. Various microbial sensors have been characterized by the integration of mentioned bacterial cells into the different immobilization matrices [33,[35][36][37][38][39]43].…”

“…For immobilization of bacterial cells, 25 μL of intact cells (G. oxydans with 35 × 10 9 cell titer and P. fluorescens with 15 × 10 10 cell titer) was spread over the polymer coated electrode and allowed to stand at ambient conditions for drying for 1 h. Then, the layer was covered with a dialysis membrane, pre-soaked in water. The membrane was fixed tightly with a silicone rubber O-ring [38].…”

Vertical Immobilization of Viable Bacilliform Bacteria into Polypyrrole Films

“…5,8,12 However, such studies used conducting polymer films either as adsorption platforms, over which microbes were spread, 10,13,14 or as inclusion matrices. 9,11 All of these studies did not show any clearly defined structures for immobilized microbes; some microbes were entirely exposed on the surfaces to give laying-flat structures, and others were randomly embedded in the polymer textures.…”

“…5,6 However, this simple technique has been little applied to the immobilization of microorganisms; only a limited number of relevant studies are available in the literature, although none of them has directly mentioned that microbes can act as dopants. [7][8][9][10][11] We have recently found that bacilliform bacteria can be quite easily doped into PPy films, thanks to their negative ζ-potentials.…”