Use of alternative lipids and finishing feeds to improve nutritional value and food safety of hybrid striped bass

Effects of Fish Oil Sparing on Fillet Fatty Acid Composition in Hybrid Striped Bass Are Influenced by Dietary Levels of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids

“…Hybrid Striped Bass are reported to utilize many types of alternative lipids well, and most evaluations of fish oil sparing report equivalent or near-equivalent growth performance (Wonnacott et al 2004;Lane et al 2006;Trushenski and Kohler 2011;Trushenski et al 2011b;Crouse et al 2013;Trushenski and Kanczuzewski 2013). Our present results agree with these findings; however, FCR was significantly elevated among fish fed the 100 SFA SOY feed.…”

“…Similarly, a range of MUFA-rich lipids offered no advantage over C 18 PUFA-rich soybean oil in conserving whole-body LC-PUFA content in Rainbow Trout (Turchini et al 2013a), and Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar fed 18:1(n-9)-rich sunflower oil Downloaded by [University of Nebraska, Lincoln] at 17:52 11 April 2015 retained as much LC-PUFAs in the white muscle as those fed less MUFA-rich palm oil (Torstensen et al 2000). Our cross-study comparison of D jh values in hybrid Striped Bass reveals that at least some attempts to spare fish oil with SFA-and MUFA-rich lipids, such as coconut oil, palm oil, poultry fat, and nonhydrogenated MUFA-enriched soybean oil, have resulted in profiles ranking above the 50th percentile for profile distortion ( Figure 1; Trushenski 2009;Trushenski and Kohler 2011;Crouse et al 2013; the present experiment). All of these products were lean, high-quality, protein foods and assessing fillet profiles at the 50th percentile is somewhat arbitrary; however, the fact that most feeds containing SFA-and MUFA-rich lipids resulted in fillet profiles ranking below the 50th percentile for distortion underscores the less dramatic effects of these lipids on fillet fatty acid composition compared with C 18 PUFA-rich lipids.…”

“…Rather, it is more likely that the digestibility of the 100 SFA SOY feed was somewhat reduced compared with the other feeds. Although our previous research with SFA-rich lipids has not suggested digestibility is a major limiting factor (Trushenski et al 2011a(Trushenski et al , 2011cLaporte and Trushenski 2011;Crouse et al 2013;Trushenski and Kanczuzewski 2013;Trushenski et al 2013b;Woitel et al 2014aWoitel et al , 2014b, fish may not utilize SFAs as well as other fatty acids (Hua and Bureau 2009) and growth performance may be constrained by long-term feeding with diets containing predominantly SFAs (Trushenski and Bergman 2014). It is possible that blending SFA-rich lipids with ingredients containing some level of unsaturated fatty acids may be a means of addressing digestibility limitations while still mitigating the effects of fish oil sparing on tissue composition.…”

Comparative study of the nutritional composition of wild versus farmed yellowtail (Seriola lalandi)

“…However, yellowtail fish bones are not commonly consumed and so inclusion was not deemed appropriate in the current study. Incorporating a specific finishing diet for a set duration prior to harvest is a common practice in aquaculture which can enhance and/or restore specific nutrient complex in fish flesh (Crouse et al, 2013;Mourente et al, 2005;Zhou et al, 2015). Therefore, an appropriate finishing diet could considerably improve the nutritional content (fatty acid, protein and mineral) of the farmed yellowtail potentially surpassing the wild equivalent.…”

Different Dietary Lipid Sources Affect Plasma Lipid Composition but Not Stress Tolerance or Growth of Hybrid Striped Bass

“…Meeting basic requirements is an obvious cornerstone of maintaining the health and resilience of any organism, but the dietary levels needed to optimize physiological function may exceed those necessary to maintain growth and survival. For example, FO can be spared with a variety of alternative lipids without affecting the growth or survival of on-growing hybrid Striped Bass (White Bass Morone chrysops × Striped Bass M. saxatilis) (Wonnacott et al 2004; Lewis and Kohler 2008;Trushenski et al 2008aTrushenski 2009;Trushenski and Kohler 2011;Crouse et al 2013;Trushenski and Kanczuzewski 2013;Kanczuzewski and Trushenski 2015); however, the reproductive performance of White Bass Lewis et al 2010) and Striped Bass (H. Hill and J. Trushenski, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, unpublished data) broodstock may be reduced if their feeds contain insufficient amounts of FO-derived longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs). Other researchers have linked differences in fatty acid (FA) availability with altered immunocompetence (Montero et al 2003(Montero et al , 2008 and disease resistance in fishes (Erdal et al 1991;Li et al 1994; Thompson et al 1996;Lødemel et al 2001;Yildirim-Aksoy et al 2009).…”