Use of Anabolic Steroids among Adolescents

Pd, Thompson; Zmuda, JM; Dh, Catlin

doi:10.1056/nejm199309163291219

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…Fourth, although other researchers have dispelled ideas that youth might misinterpret the YRBS question on steroid use to include types of steroids other than anabolic steroids (e.g. corticosteroids) [18,40], the wording of the survey question does not specify the type of steroid use. Lastly, the YRBS is a school-based study, thus the findings may not be generalizable to out-of-school youth.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid Use, Health Risk Behaviors and Adverse Health Indicators among U.S. High School Students

DiClemente

Jackson²,

Hertzberg³

et al. 2014

Fam Med Med Sci Res

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Adolescents' illicit use of steroids has been associated with other health risk factors, including needle sharing and HIV [13], lack of condom use [14], not wearing a seatbelt [4,14,15], carrying a weapon [8,[14][15][16], and suicide attempts [4,8,14,16] Adolescents' steroid use often co-occurs with other substance use, including injection drug use [17], alcohol, cocaine, and marijuana [18], Decreased academic performance has also been associated with steroid use [15,17].

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid Use, Health Risk Behaviors and Adverse Health Indicators among U.S. High School Students

DiClemente

Jackson²,

Hertzberg³

et al. 2014

Fam Med Med Sci Res

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Drugs of abuse and the elicitation of human aggressive behavior

Hoaken

Stewart

2003

Addictive Behaviors

343

235

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The drug -violence relationship exists for several reasons, some direct (drugs pharmacologically inducing violence) and some indirect (violence occurring in order to attain drugs). Moreover, the nature of that relationship is often complex, with intoxication, neurotoxic, and withdrawal effects often being confused and/or confounded. This paper reviews the existing literature regarding the extent to which various drugs of abuse may be directly associated with heightened interpersonal violence. Alcohol is clearly the drug with the most evidence to support a direct intoxication -violence relationship. The literatures concerning benzodiazepines, opiates, psychostimulants, and phencyclidine (PCP) are idiosyncratic but suggest that personality factors may be as (or more) important than pharmacological ones. Cannabis reduces likelihood of violence during intoxication, but mounting evidence associates withdrawal with aggressivity. The literature on the relationship between steroids and aggression is largely confounded, and between 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and aggression insufficient to draw any reasonable conclusions. Conclusions and policy implications are briefly discussed. D

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Anabolic steroid abuse among teenage girls: An illusory problem?

Kanayama

Boynes

Hudson

et al. 2007

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

100

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Background-Recent media reports have portrayed an alarming increase in apparent anabolicandrogenic steroid (AAS) use among American teenage girls; Congress even held hearings on the subject in June 2005. We questioned whether AAS use among teenage girls was as widespread as claimed.Methods-We reviewed four large national surveys and many smaller surveys examining the prevalence of AAS use among teenage girls. Virtually all of these surveys used anonymous questionnaires. We asked particularly whether the language of survey questions might generate falsepositive responses among girls who misinterpreted the term "steroid." We also reviewed data from other countries, together with results from the only recent study (to our knowledge) in which investigators personally interviewed female AAS users.Results-The surveys produced remarkably disparate findings, with the lifetime prevalence of AAS use estimated as high as 7.3% among ninth-grade girls in one study, but only 0.1% among teenage girls in several others. Upon examining the surveys reporting an elevated prevalence, it appeared that most used questions that failed to distinguish between anabolic steroids, corticosteroids, and over-the-counter supplements that respondents might confuse with "steroids." Other features in the phrasing of certain questions also seemed likely to further bias results in favor of false-positive responses.Conclusions-Many anonymous surveys, using imprecise questions, appear to have greatly overestimated the lifetime prevalence of AAS use among teenage girls; the true lifetime prevalence may well be as low as 0.1%. Future studies can test this impression by using a carefully phrased question regarding AAS use.

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Use of Anabolic Steroids among Adolescents

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Steroid Use, Health Risk Behaviors and Adverse Health Indicators among U.S. High School Students

Steroid Use, Health Risk Behaviors and Adverse Health Indicators among U.S. High School Students

Drugs of abuse and the elicitation of human aggressive behavior

Anabolic steroid abuse among teenage girls: An illusory problem?

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