Use of aquatic and terrestrial plants for removing phosphorus from dairy wastewaters

DeBusk, Thomas A.; Peterson, James E.; Reddy, K. R.

doi:10.1016/0925-8574(95)00033-x

Cited by 82 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…studies (DeBusk et al, 1995;Reddy and Debusk, 1985b), water hyacinth performed better in biomass production than duckweed (15.05 and 7.26 g DW/m 2 /d, respectively, see Fig. 1); however, high biomass production is not beneficial for water hyacinth.…”

Section: Potential Advantage Of Duckweedmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…A host of aquatic plants, such as water hyacinth, duckweed, water lettuce, pennywort, canna lily and reed, have been used for wastewater treatment. Plenty of previous studies have shown that in these aquatic plants, water hyacinth has the largest production rates (more than140 t/ha/year) and the best wastewater treatment performance (Abdelhamid and Gabr, 1991;DeBusk et al, 1995;Reddy and Debusk, 1984), however, comprehensive comparison, including biomass production, nutrient recovery efficiency and utilization potential of biomass, is not assessed in these studies. Additionally, previous studies show that duckweed has the higher protein (more than 40%), starch content (more than 45%) and lower fiber content than the other aquatic plants (Leng et al 1995;Reddy and Debusk 1985a;Chen et al, 2012), which provides it with the more utilization potential (Oron, 1990;Zhao et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Partial studies have indicated that water hyacinth had higher growth rate and nutrient removal rate than duckweed (Alvarado et al, 2008;DeBusk et al, 1995;Reddy and Debusk, 1984;Reddy and Debusk, 1985a;Reddy and Debusk, 1985b). However, in these studies, the scale was small and the period of operation was short (less than one year), more importantly, the further resource utilization of biomass obtained in the process of wastewater treatment was also not assessed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Potential of duckweed in the conversion of wastewater nutrients to valuable biomass: A pilot-scale comparison with water hyacinth

Zhao

Fang

Jin

et al. 2014

Bioresource Technology

107

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Section: Potential Advantage Of Duckweedmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Potential of duckweed in the conversion of wastewater nutrients to valuable biomass: A pilot-scale comparison with water hyacinth

Zhao

Fang

Jin

et al. 2014

Bioresource Technology

107

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“…Past studies have demonstrated that both submerged and free-floating macrophytes have a high capacity to remove large concentrations of nutrients (Greenway, 1997;Sooknah and Wilkie, 2004). Under high temperature conditions, E. crassipes (water hyacinth) has been reported to assimilate up to 777 mg N m −2 day −1 and 200 mg P m −2 day −1 (DeBusk et al, 1995). These high assimilation rates have been partially attributed to the high growth rates of these specific plants and are much higher on an annual basis than nutrient retention rates experienced in emergent macrophyte, e.g., Typha, water quality wetlands in temperate climates.…”

Section: Free-floating Macrophytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical treatment wetlands dominated by free-floating macrophytes for water quality improvement in Costa Rica

Nahlik

Mitsch

2006

Ecological Engineering

146

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a b s t r a c tFive tropical treatment wetlands dominated by floating aquatic plants and constructed to deal with a variety of wastewaters were compared for their effectiveness in treating organic matter and nutrients in the Parismina River Basin in eastern Costa Rica. Wastewaters were from a dairy farm, a dairy processing plant, a banana paper plant, and a landfill. Four of the five wetland systems were effective in reducing nutrient levels of effluents before water was discharged into rivers. Ammonia levels in water entering most wetlands were considerably higher than ambient (i.e., riverine) levels; concentrations were reduced by as much as 92% in the wetlands and retained at a maximum rate of 166 g N m −2 year −1 .Nitrate nitrogen removal was variable, but occurred in low concentrations in the inflows (less than 1 mg N L −1 ). Phosphate phosphorus was present in high levels but was effectively reduced through the wetlands (92 and 45% reductions through dairy farm wetlands, 83% reduction through banana paper wetlands, and 80% reduction through dairy processing wetlands). Retention of phosphate phosphorus ranged from 0.1 to 10.7 g P m −2 year −1 in the treatment wetlands. Dissolved oxygen in the wetland outflows were ≤2 mg L −1 in three of the sampled wetlands, most likely a result of the abundant free-floating macrophytes that sheltered the water from diffusion and shaded aquatic productivity. The efficacy of these created wetlands to treat effluents from different sources varied, and modified wetland designs or active management may be necessary to improve water quality even further.Recommendations on tropical wetland design and management are presented, as are suggestions for implementing this ecological engineering approach with farmers in Central America.

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“…Pioneer floating mat-forming species include Typha latifolia, T. angustifolia, Phragmites australis, Panicum hemitomon, Glyceria maxima, Carex lasiocarpa, Menyanthes trifoliata, Myrica gale, and Chamaedaphne calyculata (Headley et al 2006). Water hyacinths (Eicchornea crassipes) and duckweed species (Lemna, Spirodela, and Wolfiella) are also regarded as typical plant species for floating wetland used in large-scale applications (Kadlec and Knight 1996;DeBusk et al 1995). These candidate plants along with others are being used by local nurseries to promote floating islands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floating wetland mesocosm assessment of nutrient removal to reduce ecotoxicity in stormwater ponds

Chang

Islam

Wanielista

2012

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A grouped mesocosm study was conducted with different water holding capacities and conditions to determine nutrient removal efficiency using floating wetland macrophytes. Different scenarios were created by changing water depth, littoral vegetation, sorption media and area coverage to observe how they affect nutrient removal efficiencies. Plant species were screened and selected based on the literature, local availability and previously performed microcosm studies. Sorption media were warped using geotextile filter fostering microbial colonization in the rhizospheric zone to enhance denitrification and plant growth. Water quality parameters included total nitrogen, total phosphorus, orthophosphate, nitratenitrogen and ammonia-nitrogen in addition to in situ parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature and chlorophyll-a. Composite samples across several locations were collected periodically to understand the spatial distribution or aggregation of nutrients. After 3 months of water quality monitoring, plants were analyzed for tissue nutrient concentrations, and the average uptake rate was calculated as 36.39 and 1.48 mg m -2 day -1 for nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively, by the floating treatment wetland system. Finally, considering the higher nutrient aggregation in the rhizospheric zone, the removal rate with 5 % area coverage and water quality improvement by littoral zone, the optimized design, placement and maintenance of the whole system were recommended.

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Use of aquatic and terrestrial plants for removing phosphorus from dairy wastewaters

Cited by 82 publications

References 3 publications

Potential of duckweed in the conversion of wastewater nutrients to valuable biomass: A pilot-scale comparison with water hyacinth

Potential of duckweed in the conversion of wastewater nutrients to valuable biomass: A pilot-scale comparison with water hyacinth

Tropical treatment wetlands dominated by free-floating macrophytes for water quality improvement in Costa Rica

Floating wetland mesocosm assessment of nutrient removal to reduce ecotoxicity in stormwater ponds

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