Use of chemometrics to optimize a glucose assay on a paper microfluidic platform

Abstract

We describe the use of a chemometrics-based computational platform to optimize a glucose assay on a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD). Glucose is colorimetrically detected in the presence of glucose oxidase (GOx), horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and potassium iodide (KI). Using a Y-shaped paper microfluidic chip, the concentration of glucose, volume of reagents, and the length and width of the microfluidic channel were examined. The responses of the microfluidic chips were analyzed at the halfway point of the channel length. Variables affecting the response were screened by using a 2 factorial design, and among them, volume and concentration of the glucose were optimized by applying a rotatable central composite design (CCD). The optimum and experimental responses are 151.58 and 149.80, respectively, with an absolute error of 1.2%.

Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) based on thread, paper, and fabric

“…Over a quarter of century has passed since the initial publication describing the first microelectromechanical system (MEMS) . Today, microfluidics is an empowering technology with applications encompassing many sectors of the biological, chemical, medicinal, and agricultural industries to probe molecular species and interactions . Microfluidic platforms offer high speed analysis, portability, durability, high sensitivity and accuracy, ability to multiplex, and low cost.…”

“…the biological, chemical, medicinal, and agricultural industries to probe molecular species and interactions [2]. Microfluidic platforms offer high speed analysis, portability, durability, high sensitivity and accuracy, ability to multiplex, and low cost.…”

ABC Spotlight on paper-based strips analytics

“…The quality of this type of lab-on-a-chip device depends on the dependencies on the support materials, problems with assays, and selected readout being overcome. Thus, many attempts to overcome these dependencies by chemometrics have been published to find strategies to optimize the conditions of such devices with use of factorial design strategies [9]. Most of these devices use photometers or spectrometers for the readout.…”

MOMSense: Metal-Oxide-Metal Elementary Glucose Sensor

“…On the other hand, the Pt electrodes used in MOMSense devices enable the glucose oxidation to take place in neutral solution. The cyclic voltammetry reported in 62 for Pt electrodes in the presence of glucose at a pH of 7 showed three different oxidation peaks that reflect the electrochemically oxidized glucose at a platinum electrode. However, using Pt electrodes solely in glucose detection has been limited due to the many drawbacks of the material 15 , 62 , 65 .…”

“…As shown in Fig. 2 , MOMSense can be integrated into a microfluidic platform that serves as a miniature lab-on-chip 59 – 62 . The selective sample preparation and preconcentration steps enhance the sensitivity of the detection method.…”