Use of fractional factorial design for optimization of digestion procedures followed by multi-element determination of essential and non-essential elements in nuts using ICP-OES technique

Evaluation of Sample Preparation Methods for the Determination of Ca, Cu, Fe, K, and Na in Milk Powder Samples by ICP-OES

“…In this study, the authors used 4-mL mixture of HNO 3 /H 2 SO 4 (3:1) for the decomposition of 2.5-mL sample in a focused microwave oven, obtaining residual carbon contents lower than 2 %. Moreover, other studies can also be found in the literature using this acidic mixture, but in different proportions for the decomposition of vegetables (Momen et al 2006), bean (Costa et al 2006), bovine liver (Trevizan et al 2003), and nuts (Momen et al 2007).…”

Ultra-high performance liquid chromatographic determination of levofloxacin in human plasma and prostate tissue with use of experimental design optimization procedures

“…However, its application in analytical chemistry is still rare [16]. FFD can be applied for screening of important factors in sample preparation procedure optimization, however, this was reported in just few research studies [17][18][19]. FFD is very efficient for reducing the number of experimental analyses and hence, particularly favorable, when there exist limitations in the number of experiments that can be performed, for example due to high cost or small amount of samples [14].…”

A rapid microwave-assisted acid extraction method based on the use of diluted HNO3-H2O2followed by ICP-MS analysis for simultaneous determination of trace elements in coal samples

“…The current study aimed at developing a sample preparation method based on the use of diluted HNO 3 -H 2 O 2 mixture and microwave radiation for rapid extraction of trace elements in coal samples prior to ICP-MS determination. Multivariate optimisation procedure (simultaneous optimisation of more than one parameter) was utilised because it minimises the number of laboratory experiments that need to be carried out, allows evaluation of possible interactions among the factors that affect the extraction and it reduces optimization time as compared to the traditional univariate approach [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies reported in literature on the multivariate optimised microwave-assisted acid extraction (MW-AAE) of trace elements in coal samples utilising diluted acidic extracting solutions.…”