Use of Genomic Tools to Improve Cattle Health in the Context of Infectious Diseases

Raszek, Mikolaj; Guan, Le Luo; Plastow, Graham

doi:10.3389/fgene.2016.00030

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 172 publications

(164 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In general, this is consistent with the conclusion of several authors that each infectious agent specifically interacts with the host's immune system, and for such pathogens these mechanisms often do not overlap [40].…”

Section: Erythrocyte and Leukocyte Profiles Of Peripheral Blood In Blsupporting

confidence: 91%

CHANGES IN LEUKOCYTE AND ERYTHROCYTE BLOOD PROFILE AND PARAMETERS UNDER A COMBINED Anaplasma marginale AND BOVINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS INFECTION IN CATTLE

Kosovskii¹,

Glazko²,

Kovalchuk³

et al. 2017

S-h. biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A b s t r a c tThe global spread of infectious diseases and large-scale import of cattle genetic resources lead to necessity of developing screening methods that estimate the danger of co-infection with different pathogens and its impact on animal adaptiveness. In this regard here we analyzed the variability of erythrocyte and leukocyte characteristics in dairy Black-and-White holsteinized cattle naturally infected by Anaplasma marginale, the causative agent of bovine anaplasmosis, and bovine leukemia virus (BLV). The results showed that BLV infection of cattle did not facilitate the cross-infection with A. marginale in cattle since more than half of A. marginale-free animals were BLV-infected, and about one-third cows were characterized by leukocytosis. Except an increased number of leukocytes and lymphocytes due to retroviral infection, A. marginale-free animals were characterized only by the absence of statistically significant correlation between the counts of erythrocytes and neutrophils as compared to A. marginale-infected cows, which may point at the activation of nonspecific defense mechanisms in A. marginale-infected animals. Testing animals for BLV infection by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays revealed the proviral DNA integration in one AGID-negative cow, whereas in seven out of thirty four AGID-positive cows the proviral DNA was absent. Leukocytosis (> 20½10 9 blood leukocytes per liter) was revealed only in six AGIDand PCR-positive cows. The only common feature of BLV-infected animals with moderate and severe leukocytosis was thrombocytosis, as well as disruption of correlational relationships between the number of agranulocytes and granulocytes in peripheral blood. The detected disruption of the network relationships between different leukocyte populations reflects deep changes in the immune system functioning induced by retroviral infection. We observed a deficiency of neutrophils in cows with leukocytosis, which is in consistency with the data on neutropenia in milk of BLV-infected cows with leucosis (M. Nishiike et al., 2016). Considering the absence of BLV diagnostic tests that are able to reliably exclude the false-positive or false-negative results, it seems that the most effective approach for herd sanitation may consist in a simultaneous quantification of viral load (the number of BLV RNA in peripheral blood cells) and estimation of leukocytosis severity.

show abstract

Section: Erythrocyte and Leukocyte Profiles Of Peripheral Blood In Blsupporting

confidence: 91%

CHANGES IN LEUKOCYTE AND ERYTHROCYTE BLOOD PROFILE AND PARAMETERS UNDER A COMBINED Anaplasma marginale AND BOVINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS INFECTION IN CATTLE

Kosovskii¹,

Glazko²,

Kovalchuk³

et al. 2017

S-h. biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is clearly motivated by the fact that infections cause a major economic burden in the cattle industry worldwide. In this context, GWASs and other genomic approaches are regarded as powerful strategies to develop breeding programs aimed at the generation of less susceptible livestock (Raszek et al, 2016).…”

Section: Gwass In Cattle and Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, GWASs for susceptibility to bovine tuberculosis (caused by Mycobacterium bovis) yielded inconsistent results (Bermingham et al, 2014;Finlay et al, 2012;Kassahun et al, 2015;Richardson et al, 2016). Efforts to identify susceptibility alleles for other infectious diseases detected small-effect loci with poor replicability (reviewed in (Raszek et al, 2016)). To date, the greatest success was obtained for mastitis, which is commonly caused by bacterial infections; regions spanning the DCK, SLC4A4, and EDN3 genes were detected in at least two studies (Kanazawa et al, 1989;Sahana et al, 2013;Sodeland et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Gwass In Cattle and Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic susceptibility to infectious diseases: Current status and future perspectives from genome-wide approaches

Mozzi

Pontremoli

Sironi

2018

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been widely applied to identify genetic factors that affect complex diseases or traits. Presently, the GWAS Catalog includes >2800 human studies. Of these, only a minority have investigated the susceptibility to infectious diseases or the response to therapies for the treatment or prevention of infections. Despite their limited application in the field, GWASs have provided valuable insights by pinpointing associations to both innate and adaptive immune response loci, as well as novel unexpected risk factors for infection susceptibility. Herein, we discuss some issues and caveats of GWASs for infectious diseases, we review the most recent findings ensuing from these studies, and we provide a brief summary of selected GWASs for infections in non-human mammals. We conclude that, although the general trend in the field of complex traits is to shift from GWAS to next-generation sequencing, important knowledge on infectious disease-related traits can be still gained by GWASs, especially for those conditions that have never been investigated using this approach. We suggest that future studies will benefit from the leveraging of information from the host's and pathogen's genomes, as well as from the exploration of models that incorporate heterogeneity across populations and phenotypes. Interactions within HLA genes or among HLA variants and polymorphisms located outside the major histocompatibility complex may also play an important role in shaping the susceptibility and response to invading pathogens.

show abstract

“…Rios et al (2016) reported that viable alternatives to antibiotics might be bacteriophage therapy, lysin therapy, antimicrobial peptides (amphiphilic polypeptides), and bacteriocins. Genomic tools derived from next generation sequencing will allow for a better definition of pathogen profile, the evolution of the gene-resistance mutation, and the focus on host-pathogen interaction to enhance beneficial effects of the microbiome (Raszek et al, 2016).…”

Section: Antibiotics Use and Antimicrobial Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

A glimpse of the future in animal nutrition science. 1. Past and future challenges

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-If the world population continues to increase exponentially, wealth and education inequalities might become more pronounced in the developing world. Thus, offering affordable, high-quality protein food to people will become more important and daunting than ever. Past and future challenges will increasingly demand quicker and more innovative and efficient solutions. Animal scientists around the globe currently face many challenging issues: from ensuring food security to prevent excess of nutrient intake by humans, from animal welfare to working with genetic-engineered animals, from carbon footprint to water footprint, and from improved animal nutrition to altering the rumen microbiome. Many of these issues are most likely to continue (or to exacerbate further) in the coming years, but animal scientists have many options to surmount the obstacles posed to the livestock industry through tools that are presently available. The frequency, interval, and intensity of livestock impacts, however, differ across regions, production systems, and among livestock species. These differences are such that the generalization of these issues is impossible and dangerous. For instance, when we discuss domesticated ruminant nutrition in the human food context, we look for the most efficient ruminant feeds that complement, rather than compete with, grains grown for direct human nutrition. Greater scrutiny and standardization are needed when developing and validating methodologies to assess short-and long-term impacts of livestock production. Failure in correctly quantifying these impacts may lead to disregard and disbelief by the livestock industry, increased public confusion, and the development of illusionary solutions that may amplify the impacts, thereby invalidating its original intent.Key Words: challenges, issues, livestock, ruminant, production Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

show abstract

Use of Genomic Tools to Improve Cattle Health in the Context of Infectious Diseases

Cited by 26 publications

References 172 publications

CHANGES IN LEUKOCYTE AND ERYTHROCYTE BLOOD PROFILE AND PARAMETERS UNDER A COMBINED Anaplasma marginale AND BOVINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS INFECTION IN CATTLE

CHANGES IN LEUKOCYTE AND ERYTHROCYTE BLOOD PROFILE AND PARAMETERS UNDER A COMBINED Anaplasma marginale AND BOVINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS INFECTION IN CATTLE

Genetic susceptibility to infectious diseases: Current status and future perspectives from genome-wide approaches

A glimpse of the future in animal nutrition science. 1. Past and future challenges

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About