Use of hormone therapy and isoflavones and mammographic density in Spain

Isidoro, Beatriz del Carmen Martínez; Lope, Virginia; Whelan, Denis R.; Pedraz, C; Sánchez-Contador, Carmen; Santamariña, Carmen; Moreo, Pilar; Vidal, Carmen; Salas-Trejo, Dolores; Ederra, María; Aragonés, Núria; Pérez‐Gómez, Beatriz; Pollán, Marina

doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000000569

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…However, these single chemicals contributed little to the total xenoestrogen burden in the women in this study and can hardly explain the observed regional variations. Navarra is also one of the regions in Spain with a higher than average prevalence of postmenopausal hormone therapy use ( Isidoro et al 2015 ), but our study found no differences in TEXB-α or TEXB-β levels between never and ever users of hormone therapy. Thus, larger population-based studies are required to identify determinants of serum TEXB levels that contribute to their geographical distribution.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Total Effective Xenoestrogen Burden in Serum Samples and Risk for Breast Cancer in a Population-Based Multicase–Control Study in Spain

Pastor-Barriuso

Fernández

Castaño‐Vinyals

et al. 2016

Environ Health Perspect

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Background:Most studies on endocrine-disrupting chemicals and breast cancer have focused on single compounds and have produced inconclusive findings.Objectives:We assessed the combined estrogenic effects of mixtures of xenoestrogens in serum and their relationship to breast cancer risk.Methods:A total of 186 incident pretreatment breast cancer cases and 196 frequency-matched controls were randomly sampled from a large population-based multicase–control study in Spain. The total effective xenoestrogen burden attributable to organohalogenated xenoestrogens (TEXB-α) and endogenous hormones and more polar xenoestrogens (TEXB-β) was determined in serum samples using high-performance liquid chromatography and E-Screen bioassay. Odds ratios for breast cancer comparing tertiles of serum TEXB-α and TEXB-β were estimated using logistic models, and smooth risk trends were obtained using spline models.Results:Cases had higher geometric mean TEXB-α and TEXB-β levels (8.32 and 9.94 Eeq pM/mL, respectively) than controls (2.99 and 5.96 Eeq pM/mL, respectively). The fully adjusted odds ratios for breast cancer (95% confidence intervals) comparing the second and third tertiles of TEXB-α with the first tertile were 1.77 (0.76, 4.10) and 3.45 (1.50, 7.97), respectively, and those for TEXB-β were 2.35 (1.10, 5.03) and 4.01 (1.88, 8.56), respectively. A steady increase in risk was evident across all detected TEXB-α levels and a sigmoidal trend was observed for TEXB-β. Individual xenoestrogens showed weak and opposing associations with breast cancer risk.Conclusions:This is the first study to show a strong positive association between serum total xenoestrogen burden and breast cancer risk, highlighting the importance of evaluating xenoestrogen mixtures, rather than single compounds, when studying hormone-related cancers.Citation:Pastor-Barriuso R, Fernández MF, Castaño-Vinyals G, Whelan D, Pérez-Gómez B, Llorca J, Villanueva CM, Guevara M, Molina-Molina JM, Artacho-Cordón F, Barriuso-Lapresa L, Tusquets I, Dierssen-Sotos T, Aragonés N, Olea N, Kogevinas M, Pollán M. 2016. Total effective xenoestrogen burden in serum samples and risk for breast cancer in a population-based multicase–control study in Spain. Environ Health Perspect 124:1575–1582; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP157

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Total Effective Xenoestrogen Burden in Serum Samples and Risk for Breast Cancer in a Population-Based Multicase–Control Study in Spain

Pastor-Barriuso

Fernández

Castaño‐Vinyals

et al. 2016

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Genistein and daidzein may also be growth factors for human estrogen-dependent tumor cells, both in vitro (Carreau, Flouriot, Bennetau-Pelissero, & Potier, 2009) and in animal models of xenograft nude mice (Du et al, 2012). Similarly, soy isoflavones demonstrated alteration in the mammary density in Western postmenopausal women (Isidoro et al, 2016).…”

Section: Adverse Effects Of Phytoestrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, several studies have shown controversial results in either the beneficial or adverse effects of phytoestrogen. Regarding the adverse effects of isoflavones, it would seem reasonable to return to traditional Asian exposure levels rather than supplementation to favor the positive health effects of isoflavones (Isidoro et al, 2016).…”

Section: Adverse Effects Of Phytoestrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When analyzing dietary intake, the isoflavones are currently present in our diet in the milligram range, whereas estradiol is only present in the nanogram range. Moreover, the phytoestrogen exposure has become more widespread with the progressive internationalization of soybean use in human and cattle food (Isidoro et al, 2016). In addition, the interaction between the gut microbiome and polyphenols and consequently bioavailability of phytoestrogens for intestinal absorption (Marín et al, 2015), is a possible crucial factor for the action in the organism as well as for controversial date in different works.…”

Section: Adverse Effects Of Phytoestrogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of phytoestrogens on different physiological and pathological processes: An overview

Petrine¹,

Bianco-Borges²

2020

Phytotherapy Research

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Functional foods have nutritional properties and organic functions, which are beneficial to health. Certain types of functional food components are so‐called phytoestrogens, non‐steroidal compounds derived from the metabolism of precursors contained in plants, which originate secondary metabotypes known to induce biological responses and by mimicry or modulating the action of endogenous estrogen. These molecules are involved in several physiological and pathological processes related to reproduction, bone remodeling, skin, cardiovascular, nervous, immune systems, and metabolism. This review aimed to present an overview of phytoestrogens regarding their chemical structure, actions, and effects in the organism given several pathologies. Several studies have demonstrated beneficial phytoestrogen actions, such as lipid profile improvement, cognitive function, menopause, oxidative stress, among others. Phytoestrogens effects are not completely elucidated, being necessary future research to understand the exact action mechanisms, whether they are via estrogen receptor or whether other hidden mechanisms produce these effects. Thus, this review makes a general approach to the phytoestrogen actions, beneficial effects, risk and limitations. However, the complexities of biological effects after ingestion of phytoestrogens and the differences in their metabolism and bioavailability indicate that interpretation of either risk or benefits needs to be made with caution.

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“…Ancient studies also showed that soy food had estrogenic and proliferative effects on healthy breast cells in premenopausal women [ 125 ]. Equally, soy isoflavones have been shown to increase the mammary density in Western, post-menopausal women [ 126 ]. To help with the interpretation of such controversial results, it should be noted that existing studies most probably underestimate soy and isoflavone intake, not considering hidden isoflavones from manufactured foodstuffs.…”

Section: Beneficial Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoestrogens and Health Effects

Canivenc-Lavier

Bennetau-Pelissero

2023

Nutrients

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Phytoestrogens are literally estrogenic substances of plant origin. Although these substances are useful for plants in many aspects, their estrogenic properties are essentially relevant to their predators. As such, phytoestrogens can be considered to be substances potentially dedicated to plant–predator interaction. Therefore, it is not surprising to note that the word phytoestrogen comes from the early discovery of estrogenic effects in grazing animals and humans. Here, several compounds whose activities have been discovered at nutritional concentrations in animals and humans are examined. The substances analyzed belong to several chemical families, i.e., the flavanones, the coumestans, the resorcylic acid lactones, the isoflavones, and the enterolignans. Following their definition and the evocation of their role in plants, their metabolic transformations and bioavailabilities are discussed. A point is then made regarding their health effects, which can either be beneficial or adverse depending on the subject studied, the sex, the age, and the physiological status. Toxicological information is given based on official data. The effects are first presented in humans. Animal models are evoked when no data are available in humans. The effects are presented with a constant reference to doses and plausible exposure.

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Use of hormone therapy and isoflavones and mammographic density in Spain

Abstract: Our results show a low prevalence of HT and isoflavone use in postmenopausal Spanish women. In this population, HT use was not associated with mammographic density, whereas some categories of isoflavone users had higher density.

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Total Effective Xenoestrogen Burden in Serum Samples and Risk for Breast Cancer in a Population-Based Multicase–Control Study in Spain

Total Effective Xenoestrogen Burden in Serum Samples and Risk for Breast Cancer in a Population-Based Multicase–Control Study in Spain

The influence of phytoestrogens on different physiological and pathological processes: An overview

Phytoestrogens and Health Effects

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