Use of Impact Penetrometer to Determine Changes in Soil Compactness After Entracon Sioux EH30 Timber Harvesting

Kormanek, Mariusz

doi:10.5552/crojfe.2022.1054

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In our case, a weak relationship was observed between the longitudinal slope and BD in the ruts. Kormanek and Dvořák [38] concluded that machine traffic contributed to the slight lowering of MC in the ruts in relation to the control. In our case, the highest MC values were recorded in the ruts of the technological trails.…”

Section: Bulk Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Picchio et al [37] reported that PR in undisturbed areas was significantly lower than in soils disturbed by machine traffic in their study focused on Hyrcanian and Camaldoli forests managed in a close-to-nature system and with skidder extraction. Kormanek and Dvořák [38] stated that PR was higher in the ruts compared to measurements next to and between the ruts when a tracked Entracon Sioux EH30 was used. Kruskal-Wallis tests showed similar results for the differences between PR in particular measurement locations in our case as well.…”

Section: Penetration Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Soil and Residual Stand Disturbances after Harvesting in Close-to-Nature Managed Forests

Allman

Dudáková

Martin

et al. 2023

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Close-to-nature forestry is a viable option to manage forests that are resilient to the challenges presented by climate change. The new silvicultural schemes necessitate adapting the operational side, posing challenges to productivity and the environmental effects of harvesting machinery and technologies. This study focused on analysing the disturbance of residual stands and forest soils in stands that were being restructured into multistorey, close-to-nature managed ones using low-impact forest harvesting technologies. Measurements were performed in four stands after logging, divided into 30 sample plots with dimensions of 20 × 20 m. Within the plots, the disturbance of the residual stands and changes to the soil parameters, such as the soil bulk density (g·cm−3) and soil penetration resistance (MPa), were measured. The results showed that the intensity of the residual stand disturbance reached between 13% and 23% and was not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by the intensity of the performed harvesting operations. The mean size of the wounds was between 38.99 and 233.05 cm2, and wounds were most frequently in the size category of 11–50 cm2. Regarding soil disturbance, Spearman’s correlation showed a significant relationship (p ˂ 0.05) between the longitudinal slope and soil bulk density in the rut of the trail. The relative increase in BD showed that the largest increase occurred between the stand (undisturbed) and rut locations (12.5% to 24.77%). Penetration resistance measurements were affected by low moisture content and high coarse fragment content. Subsequently, Spearman’s correlation did not show (p > 0.05) a relationship between the soil bulk density and penetration resistance. Therefore, we can conclude that, from an environmental perspective, the proposed technologies are viable options for foresters who manage close-to-nature forests, and there was less disturbance of residual stands and forest soil caused by harvesting machinery.

show abstract

Section: Bulk Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Penetration Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Soil and Residual Stand Disturbances after Harvesting in Close-to-Nature Managed Forests

Allman

Dudáková

Martin

et al. 2023

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When permeability is low, either from natural impervious layers, compacted soils, or human-made factors, the outflow speed diminishes, potentially causing ponding or surface runoff. Such situations occur with intensive use in agricultural areas [22] and forest areas [23][24][25][26]. In container production, where the container and a minimal amount of substrate are elevated from the ground, water outflows freely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Water Leakage Rate from the Cells of Nursery Containers

Kormanek,

Małek

2023

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In container production, the key issue is proper irrigation and fertilization. Typically, the water required for plant growth is supplied through an irrigation ramp system, which can also perform fertilization. The frequency of irrigation and the amount of water supplied by the ramp depends on several factors, such as the species of plants grown, the container used, the substrate, and atmospheric factors accompanying production. For effective irrigation, the substrate in the container cell must retain the supplied water long enough for plant absorption. However, any excess water should drain from the container. To optimize irrigation, it is important to determine the parameter of the water outflow speed from the container cell, which is difficult to determine. This work proposes a new solution for a station that can measure the water outflow speed from various container cells (patent application P.443675 2022). In tests, the water outflow speed was assessed for two Styrofoam container types (V150—650/312/150 mm, 74 cells, and 0.145 dm3 cell volume; and V300—650/312/180 mm, 53 cells, and 0.275 dm3 cell volume). Both were filled with a peat and perlite substrate (95/5%) using the Urbinati Ypsilon line (V150 substrate moisture 75.7 ± 1.1%, and V300 75.9 ± 2.1%, efficiency of the line 400 containers∙h−1, vibration intensity of the vibrating table—maximum acceleration 12 G). The results indicated that the water outflow speed varied between container types. The V300 container had a higher outflow speed (0.0344 cm·s−1) compared to the V150 (0.0252 cm·s−1). This discrepancy may be due to differences in dry bulk density, with a correlation of r = −0.523. The V300 had a lower actual and dry bulk density (0.418 g·cm−3; 0.079 g·cm−3) compared to V150 (0.322 g·cm−3; 0.103 g·cm−3). This highlights the need for individual selection of parameters on the backfilling line for different container types when filling. Using identical parameters for diverse containers can lead to varying substrate volume densities, impacting water outflow rates.

show abstract

“…Over 13,920,000 m 3 of merchantable timber are harvested in thinned stands, including the majority of medium-sized assortments important for the timber sector (Statistical Yearbook of Forestry 2020). Mechanized logging with harvesters and forwarders, has its particular justification in thinning stands, primarily due to its ecological, economic and ergonomic advantages (Sowa et al 2007, Dvořák et al 2011, Zinkevičiuset al 2012, Kulak et al 2017, Kováč et al 2021, Mederski et al 2018, Szewczyk et al 2020, Kormanek & Dvořák 2022.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic efficiency of fully mechanized timber harvesting in coniferous stands of the 2nd age class

Szewczyk,

Krilek,

Kulak

et al. 2023

AFR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the study was to determine the unit costs of mechanized timber harvesting in pine stands where early thinning was being performed, and to determine the relationship between the cost level and the volume of harvested trees, the harvester model and field conditions. Analysis focused on timber harvesting with the use of small- and mid-sized harvesters. The tested harvesters were specialized forestry machines (Vimek, Sampo, Profi-Pro, Ponsse) and a construction machine (Fao-Far). Terrain accessibility variants were distinguished in relation to furrows between which trees had been planted in the past: flat terrain with the depth of unevenness up to 20 cm, up to 40 cm, and over 40 cm. The operating costs of the analyzed harvesters varied significantly, an hour of operation of the machine that was the cheapest to use (Fao-Far) cost nearly 2.5 times less (37.3 €) than the Profi-Pro harvester, which was the most expensive in operation (89.1 €). In stands without furrows, the lowest unit costs were noted for the Sampo harvester: 8.4 €·m-3. The other small harvesters, Vimek and Fao-Far, were slightly more expensive to use: 10.3 €·m-3 and 9.1 €·m-3, respectively. In areas where furrows were up to 20 cm deep, the cheapest solution was timber harvesting with the Fao-Far harvester (9.9 €·m-3). In areas where furrows were up to 40 cm deep, timber harvesting was the cheapest with the Sampo harvester (10.7 €·m-3), while harvesters Vimek and Fao-Far were characterized by a similar cost intensity, amounting to just over 12 €·m-3. In stands with furrows deeper than 40 cm, it was cheapest to use the Ponsse harvester (10.4 €·m-3). The cost of operation of the Profi-Pro harvester was higher by approx. 25% (14.0 €·m-3). With the current level of the financing of mechanized timber harvesting in Poland (about 11 €·m-3), small harvesters Vimek, Sampo and Fao-Far are cost-effective when single tree volume exceeds 0.05-0.06 m3. Medium harvesters, Profi-Pro and Ponsse, are cost-effective when unit volumes of harvested trees reach 0.08 and 0.11 m3 respectively. The cost-effectiveness of the tested harvesters increased when working shifts were extended.

show abstract

Use of Impact Penetrometer to Determine Changes in Soil Compactness After Entracon Sioux EH30 Timber Harvesting

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Soil and Residual Stand Disturbances after Harvesting in Close-to-Nature Managed Forests

Soil and Residual Stand Disturbances after Harvesting in Close-to-Nature Managed Forests

Analysis of the Water Leakage Rate from the Cells of Nursery Containers

Economic efficiency of fully mechanized timber harvesting in coniferous stands of the 2nd age class

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About