Use of Ivermectin in Cattle, Sheep, Goats, and Swine

Benz, Gerald W.; Roncalli, R. A.; Gross, Sheila J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3626-9_15

Cited by 70 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Inhibited development could benefit parasitic nematodes during the 6-month-long subarctic winter. The efficacy of both ivermectin formulations has been confirmed against inhibited abomasal nematodes in domestic ruminants (Benz et al, 1989). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Ivermectin has been shown to be toxic to dung beetles and dipterans (Roncalli 1989) and the practical aspects of the toxicity have been studied extensively in temperate areas such as Britain Strong 1987, Jacobs andothers 1988), Denmark (Madsen and others 1990), Germany (Barth and Schaper 1991) and the USA (Ewert and others 1991). The results and their interpretations have varied, but the subarctic degradation fauna can be expected to be less tolerant, and therefore, as a better antiparasitic effect is expected with subcutaneously administered ivermectin at 200 p.g/kg than with the pour-on preparation at 500 |J.g/kg, the choice is an easy one: treatment by injection whenever possible, because it makes the best possible use of the active ingredient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antti Oksanen; Endectocide treatment of the reindeer

Oksanen¹

1999

Ran

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antti Oksanen; Endectocide treatment of the reindeer

Oksanen¹

1999

Ran

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“…Its efficacy is related not only to the dose, but also to its formulation and route of administration (Yeruham et al, 1996). Ivermectin in injectable form has been used successfully in the treatment of sarcoptic mange in domestic species (Benz et al, 1989;Manurung et al, 1990;ZamriSaad et al, 1990;Pangui et al, 1991). Sim-ilarly, its effectiveness has been proved in cases of sarcoptes mange in desert domestic sheep (Ibrahim and Abu-Samra, 1987) and psoroptic mange in bighorn sheep Ovis canadensis (Meleney et al, 1980;Kinzer, 1983).…”

Section: Use Efficacy and Toxicity Of Ivermectin In The Spanish Ibexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Ivermectin Treatment of Sarcoptic Mange and Establishment of a Mange-Free Population of Spanish Ibex

León-Vizcaíno

Cubero

González-Capitel³

et al. 2001

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Ivermectin was used to treat sarcoptic mange in Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica). Its therapeutic effectiveness was analyzed when it was administered through subcutaneous injection, to sick animals in the consolidation stage of mange (third phase) and, with double injections to chronically affected animals (fourth phase) at a dosage of 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg body weight (bw). Three wk after treatment, the animals in the third phase of mange treated with a high dose (0.4 mg/kg bw) of ivermectin were completely cured. The same result was achieved after 4 wk of treatment in those animals in phase 3 of mange when 0.2 mg/kg body weight was used. Double injection with ivermectin, even at high doses, did not guarantee the complete cure of all cases of sarcoptic mange in the chronic stage (phase 4); only three of six animals were free of Sarcoptes scabiei. The second experiment consisted on the application of a sanitation program in order to obtain a population of Spanish ibex free from S. scabiei, starting with free-ranging animals, some of them healthy and others sick. After capture the animals were classified as chronically ill, in which case they were excluded from the program, mite carriers and healthy specimens. All the animals were treated first topically with foxim (500 mg/l) and subcutaneously with ivermectin (0.4 mg/kg bw). The infected animals were housed in the treatment pen, and received two doses of ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg bw) at an interval of 15 days, then spent 15 days in the quarantine pen, where they received a further dose before they were included in the pool of healthy animals, and immediately were placed in the quarantine phase. The sanitation we implemented was fully effective in curing the affliction of Spanish ibex affected by S. scabiei.

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“…The efficacy of ivermectin against the majority of adult and larval forms of gastrointestinal parasites in pigs is good. It is >99% effective against Ascaris suum, 98% against Hyostrongylus rubidus, 95% against Oesophagostomum spp., 99% against Strongyloides ransomi, 100% against lungworms, but only 80% against Trichuris suis (Benz et aL, 1989). Good efficacy has been reported against the pig louse Haernatopinus suis and the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var suis, although the drug fails to kill louse eggs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The distribution and some pharmacokinetic parameters of ivermectin in pigs

Scott

McKellar

1992

Vet Res Commun

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Ivermectin was injected subcutaneously into five pigs at the usual dose rate of 300 micrograms/kg and found to distribute well to all tissues and body fluids which were sampled 24 h post-injection. Ivermectin was detected in the contents and mucus at all levels of the gastrointestinal tract. The drug was excreted in bile, with high concentrations of the drug in the intestines and faeces. High concentrations of ivermectin were measured in skin, ears and ear wax, suggesting that the drug should be effective in the treatment of ectoparasitic infestations, particularly ear mites. The high lipid solubility of the drug may explain the high concentrations found in ear wax and skin. Ivermectin was also detected in the body fluids and tissues of an untreated pig penned with the treated animals. Direct contact appeared to be necessary for transfer of ivermectin from the treated to the untreated pig but coprophagia or urine drinking is a possible explanation. The pharmacokinetics of ivermectin administered subcutaneously at a dose rate of 300 micrograms/kg to six pigs were studied. There was marked individual variation in the pharmacokinetics of ivermectin. In one pig the area under the plasma concentration-time curve was particularly high. This may reflect individual variation in uptake and excretion of the drug. The mean elimination half-life of the drug was 35.2 h, suggesting that the drug is cleared slowly from pigs with drug detectable in plasma for 6-10 days. This persistence should allow a short period of protection before re-infection with parasites.

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Use of Ivermectin in Cattle, Sheep, Goats, and Swine

Cited by 70 publications

References 20 publications

Antti Oksanen; Endectocide treatment of the reindeer

Antti Oksanen; Endectocide treatment of the reindeer

Experimental Ivermectin Treatment of Sarcoptic Mange and Establishment of a Mange-Free Population of Spanish Ibex

The distribution and some pharmacokinetic parameters of ivermectin in pigs

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