Use of leukocytes as treatment for endometritis in mares experimentally infected with Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus

Neves, Adriana Pires; Keller, Andrea; Trein, Carlos Ricardo; Möller, Gabriella; Jobim, Mariana; Castilho, L F F; Cardoso, Marisa Ribeiro de Itapema; Leibold, W.; Zerbe, Holm; Klug, E; Gregory, Ricardo Macedo; Mattos, Rodrigo Costa

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.01.010

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In the horse industry, endometritis due to uterine infections of bacterial origin brings about 25-60% economical losses, leading to infertility [3][4][5] . Frequent pathogenic bacteria causing infertility in mares are introduced to the uterus at occasions such as natural breeding, artificial insemination, postnatal infections (pneumovagina infections), and mostly during a delayed postnatal cleaning of the uterus [6][7][8][9] . Swabs taken from the lumen of the uterus have been commonly used for diagnosis of endometritis and infertility for long years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Uteri of Thoroughbred Mares with Fertility Problems

Goncagül¹,

Seyrek-İntaş²

2013

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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Endometritis is an important cause of subfertility with high economic impact in mares and is mostly associated with bacterial infections. The aim of this study was to investigate bacterial pathogens in uteri and the susceptibility of some clinical isolates against several antimicrobial agents frequently used to control bacterial endometritis in mares in Germany. A total of 247 uterine swabs taken from mares with fertility problems were cultured to isolate bacteria and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of ß-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. and Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains was determined. Totally, 151 samples (61.1%) were found culture positive. A total of 332 microorganisms including 331 bacteria and one fungus were isolated from the samples. From the bacteria, 21,9%, 15.9%, 15.4%, 12%, 10.5%, 5.7% and 3.0% of the isolates were identified as Escherichia coli (E. coli), α-hemolytic streptococci, ß-hemolytic streptococci, Bacillus spp., γ-hemolytic streptococci, coliform bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus (Staph. aureus) respectively. The remaining isolates (15.6%) included 13 other bacterial species and one fungus. ß-hemolytic streptococci and E. coli strains were considered as frequently associated with fertility problems and antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates against 14 antimicrobial agents including penicillin, tulathromycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, florfenicol, ceftiofur, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, cefquinome, colistin, marbofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim was determined. All ß-hemolytic streptococci were found to be susceptible to penicillin, ceftiofur, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, enrofloxacin, cefquinome, marbofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim, whereas 29.3% of ß-hemolytic streptococci showed resistance against colistin. All E. coli strains and 50% of them were resistant to penicillin and erythromycin, respectively, wheres all E. coli isolates were sensitive to all other tested antimicrobial agents used in this study. Keywords: Mare, Endometritis, Bacterial Isolation, Antibiotic Susceptibility Fertilite Problemli Damızlık Kısrakların Uteruslarından Bakteri İzolasyonu ve Antimikrobiyal Duyarlılık ÖzetKısraklarda endometritis yüksek ekonomik kayba sebep olan önemli kısırlık nedeni olup, çoğunlukla bakteriyel infeksiyonlar sonucunda ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Almanya'da kısraklarda bakteriyel endometritis patojenlerini belirlemek ve klinik izolatların çeşitli antimikrobiyal ajanlara duyarlılıklarını araştırmaktır. Bu çalışmada Almanya'da fertilite problemi olan kısraklardan toplanan 247 uterus numunesi mikrobiyal ve antibiyotik duyarlılığı yönünden değerlendirildi. Yüzellibir (%61.1) numune bakteriyolojik olarak pozitif bulundu. 331'i bakteri ve biri mantar olmak üzere toplam 332 mikroorganizma izole edildi. Bakteri izolatların % 21.9'u Escherichia coli (E. coli), %15.9'u, α-hemolitik streptokok, %15.4'ü ß-hemolitik streptokok, %12'si Bacillus spp., %10.5'i γ-hemolitik streptokok, %5.7'i koliform bakteri ve %3'ü S...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Uteri of Thoroughbred Mares with Fertility Problems

Goncagül¹,

Seyrek-İntaş²

2013

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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“…In addition, removing RBC seems beneficial as their presence in excess can be detrimental to sperm if PRP was used for uterine infusion, thus limiting PRP’s use pre-breeding [ 45 ]. However, controversy exists over whether the presence of fresh WBC from WB could be beneficial for various equine diseases [ 46 , 47 ] The PRP produced by method 3 had greater WBC concentrations, likely because of the lack of centrifugation to forcefully push blood cells to the bottom, and the clinical relevance of this finding remains unclear. There is a scant body of evidence regarding the contribution of WBC in PRP to the healing process and inflammatory properties [ 48 , 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Manual Noncommercial Methods to Prepare Equine Platelet-Rich Plasma

Segabinazzi

Podico

Rosser

et al. 2021

Animals

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In light of PRP’s increasing popularity in veterinary practice, this study aimed to compare three manual methods to prepare and cool equine PRP. The blood of 18 clinically healthy mares was collected via venipuncture in a blood transfusion bag (method 1), blood tubes (method 2), and a syringe (method 3). In method 1, samples were double centrifuged; method 2 involved one centrifugation, and in method 3 the syringe was kept in an upright position to sediment for 4 h. After processing with three methods, PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) were extracted and assessed for red (RBC) and white blood cell counts (WBC), platelet counts, and viability. In a subset of mares (n = 6), samples were processed with the three methods, and PRP was evaluated at 6 and 24 h postcooling at 5 °C. Method 1 resulted in the highest and method 3 in the lowest platelet concentration (p < 0.05), and the latter also had greater contamination with WBC than the others (p < 0.001). Platelet viability was similar across treatments (p > 0.05). Cooling for 24 h did not affect platelet counts in all methods (p > 0.05); however, platelet viability was reduced after cooling PRP produced by method 3 (p = 0.04), and agglutination increased over time in all methods (p < 0.001). The three methods increased (1.8–5.6-fold) platelet concentration in PRP compared to whole blood without compromising platelet viability. In conclusion, all three methods concentrated platelets and while cooling affected their viability. It remains unknown whether the different methods and cooling would affect PRP’s clinical efficacy.

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“…The rationale for the treatment was to add immunoglobulins and complement to assist the mares in eliminating pathogens from the uterus. Supplementation of fresh or cryopreserved PMNs into the uterine lumen in mares with persistent endometritis has also been proposed as an alternative treatment to antibiotics (Zerbe et al 2003, Mattos et al 1999, Neves et al 2007. More recent use of plasma products has been directed towards immunomodulation rather than elimination of pathogens from the uterus.…”

Section: Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-antibiotic treatment of equine endometritis

Troedsson¹,

Nielsen²

2018

PHK

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Equine endometritis is an important cause of infertility, associated with major economic losses to the horse industry worldwide. An evolving understanding of the complexity of the disease has resulted in new treatment approaches to combat the effect on fertility through alternative non-antibiotic therapies. The objective of this article is to review some of the commonly used non-antibiotic treatment options for equine endometritis. The most recent literature on treatment options with non-antibiotic antimicrobials, immune-modulators, ecbolics and other treatments such as uterine lavage and stem cell therapy is reviewed. It is concluded that a great variety of treatment options are available to the clinician, but only a few have been tested and proven beneficial under controlled conditions. Fashionable treatments that are used without having been critically tested may represent a potential threat to the integrity of the veterinary profession, and the clinician should at a minimum have sufficient information to support the safety of the product, both for the horse and the health of the endometrium.

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Use of leukocytes as treatment for endometritis in mares experimentally infected with Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Uteri of Thoroughbred Mares with Fertility Problems

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Uteri of Thoroughbred Mares with Fertility Problems

Three Manual Noncommercial Methods to Prepare Equine Platelet-Rich Plasma

Non-antibiotic treatment of equine endometritis

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