Use of master curves based on time-temperature superposition to predict creep failure of aluminium-glass adhesive joints

Marques, E.A.S.; Carbas, R.J.C.; Silva, Fábio; Silva, Lucas F. M. da; Paiva, David; Magalhães, Fernão D.

doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2016.12.007

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…With increasing temperatures, both the stiffness and strength of the cured adhesive, and thus that of the bonded joint, decrease 29 . The influence of temperature on bonded joints has been intensively investigated in the past, see among others 29–36 . It has been shown that the adhesive has a significant influence on the load‐bearing capacity: With increasing temperatures, the load‐bearing capacity is reduced, but the relationship between temperature and strength is not the same as the relationship between temperature and stiffness, and is therefore not as pronounced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 The influence of temperature on bonded joints has been intensively investigated in the past, see among others. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] It has been shown that the adhesive has a significant influence on the loadbearing capacity: With increasing temperatures, the load-bearing capacity is reduced, but the relationship between temperature and strength is not the same as the relationship between temperature and stiffness, and is therefore not as pronounced. In this respect, see the studies by Richter and Steiger 37,38 on various practical construction epoxy (EP) and polyurethanes (PUR) for wood adhesives, in which it was proven that tensile shear strengths of Glassfibre Reinforced Plastic (GRP) wood adhesives were measured only slightly (≈20%) lower at 70 C than at room temperature, although the glass transition temperature of 48.5 C was clearly exceeded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Threaded rods grouted in beech laminated veneer lumber

Wirries

Tsopjio

Vallée

et al. 2022

Civil Engineering Design

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Glued‐in rods are a class of adhesively bonded joints for timber engineering applications resulting in high‐strength and stiffness connections. However, the use of polymeric adhesives may lead to issues related if the temperatures exceed their glass transition temperature, restricting their performance under quasi‐static, or more critically, sustained loads. To overcome these, the substitution of polymeric adhesives by mineral high‐performance grout was investigated. It was found that primers have neither a significant effect on strength nor on the failure mode; threated wood surfaces, however, resulted in a significant improvement of the latter. Based thereupon, grouted‐in rods were manufactured. The best performance was achieved with a threaded wood surface, which achieved roughly 50% of the strength comparable adhesively bonded glued‐in rod's strength. While the obtained strength may seem quite low, it is important to remind that the latter will largely remain unaffected by temperature; accordingly, made at room temperature, the comparison between grouted and glued rods is in favor of adhesive bonding, it may well be different at elevated ones.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threaded rods grouted in beech laminated veneer lumber

Wirries

Tsopjio

Vallée

et al. 2022

Civil Engineering Design

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“…Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) provides a desirable tool to explore the viscoelastic behavior of polymers [21][22][23]. Through the DMA, it is possible to obtain the polymer features at different temperatures and frequencies in the test range [24][25][26][27]. The representative polymer features, including transition temperature, storage modulus, and loss modulus, directly mirror the strength and durability of materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Thermal Aging on Dynamic Mechanical Performance of a Novel Structural Adhesive

Li¹,

Gong²,

Tian³

2022

IJHT

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This study mainly evaluates the thermal aging properties of a new room temperature cured structural adhesive. Multiple adhesive specimens were thermal aged at 80℃, 100℃, 120℃ and 140℃, respectively, and subjected to the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) at different temperatures and frequencies. According to the results of DMA and thermodynamic analysis, the performance of the adhesive changes little after aging at 80℃, 100℃ and 120℃ for 30 days. However, the adhesive performance became unstable at 140℃, and deteriorated rapidly with the extension of aging time. Hence, this structural adhesive is suitable for the environment below 120℃. In addition, the generalized curve of the structural adhesive aging for 20 days at 100℃ was obtained, following the principles of time-temperature equivalence superposition and time-aging time equivalence superposition. The test time was shortened significantly. This research provides an accelerated characterization strategy for the long-term mechanical properties of other polymers, making it possible to obtain the generalized curve of polymers aging for a specific time at a specific temperature.

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“…However, there have been few studies dealing with the verification of TTS reliability for cross-linked polymers including epoxy resins. Nevertheless, the TTS principle has often been used to predict the long-term response of viscoelastic properties. − , Thus, it is necessary to gain a better understanding of how the cross-linking points affect the time–temperature scaling of viscoelastic functions for cross-linked polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the TTS principle has often been used to predict the long-term response of viscoelastic properties. [19][20][21]38 to gain a better understanding of how the cross-linking points affect the time−temperature scaling of viscoelastic functions for cross-linked polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cross-Linking Density on Horizontal and Vertical Shift Factors in Linear Viscoelastic Functions of Epoxy Resins

et al. 2021

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Epoxy resins are an important class of thermosetting resins, and their network structure, obtained by the curing reaction of epoxy and amine compounds, plays an important role in the material properties. We here revisited a time−temperature superposition (TTS) principle applied to the dynamic viscoelastic functions of epoxy resins, in which the network was well defined and systematically varied on the basis of the length of nalkyl diamine. The superimposition of isothermal curves in the frequency domain required not only a horizontal shift but also a vertical shift, regardless of the length of n-alkyl diamine. The temperature dependence of the horizontal shift factor, a T , could be well expressed by the Williams−Landel−Ferry equation. The fitting parameter, called C 2 , increased with decreasing alkyl chain length of the diamine, meaning that the thermal expansion of the free volume was suppressed due to greater cross-linking density. This was qualitatively confirmed by a full-atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Meanwhile, the vertical shift factor, b T , increased with increasing temperature, and the extent was smaller with increasing crosslinking density. This can be explained in terms of the entropic contribution to the modulus in the temperature region above the glass transition temperature. The entropy change estimated using the isobaric molar heat capacity from the MD simulation strongly supported this hypothesis. The knowledge here obtained should be useful for a better design of thermosetting polymers as well as for the prediction of long-term durability.

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Use of master curves based on time-temperature superposition to predict creep failure of aluminium-glass adhesive joints

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Threaded rods grouted in beech laminated veneer lumber

Threaded rods grouted in beech laminated veneer lumber

Effect of Thermal Aging on Dynamic Mechanical Performance of a Novel Structural Adhesive

Effect of Cross-Linking Density on Horizontal and Vertical Shift Factors in Linear Viscoelastic Functions of Epoxy Resins

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