Use of monoclonal antibodies prepared against Schistosoma mansoni hatching fluid antigens for demonstration of Schistosoma haematobium circulating egg antigens in urine.

Nibbeling, H. A. M.; Kahama, Anthony I.; Zeyl, R. J. M. Van; Deelder, André M.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1998.58.543

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…We have previously described an assay detecting SEA in the urine of S. haematobium-infected individuals and have found significant correlations with egg counts, hematuria, and ultrasound-detectable pathology. 9,13 In the current study, similar correlations were also observed both before therapy with praziquantel and 18 months after therapy. Clearance of SEA from the urine was slower compared with egg counts and levels increased significantly six months after treatment, about two months later than egg counts; SEA levels continued to increase in parallel with egg counts and overall pathology.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Urine circulating soluble egg antigen in relation to egg counts, hematuria, and urinary tract pathology before and after treatment in children infected with Schistosoma haematobium in Kenya.

Kahama¹,

Odek²,

Kihara³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. A cohort of 117 school children infected with Schistosoma haematobium was followed-up after therapy with praziquantel (0, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 18 months) and various infection and morbidity parameters (egg counts, hematuria, soluble egg antigen [SEA] in urine, and ultrasonography-detectable pathology) were quantified. At the onset of the study, 97% of the children were positive for S. haematobium with a geometric mean egg count of 45.7 eggs/10 ml of urine. Eighty-one percent of the children were positive for SEA in urine with a geometric mean SEA concentration of 218.8 ng/ml of urine. Ninety-two percent and 56% of the children were microhematuria positive and macrohematuria positive, respectively. Two months after treatment, all infection and morbidity indicators had significantly decreased. Reinfection after treatment as determined by detection of eggs in urine was observed by four months post-treatment while the other parameters remained low. The clearance of SEA was slower than that of egg counts while pathology resolved at an even slower pace. Levels of SEA and egg output showed similar correlations with ultrasound detectable pathology; these correlations were better than the correlation between hematuria and pathology.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Urine circulating soluble egg antigen in relation to egg counts, hematuria, and urinary tract pathology before and after treatment in children infected with Schistosoma haematobium in Kenya.

Kahama¹,

Odek²,

Kihara³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…After chemotherapy the detected antigen seems to clear faster than eggs, although most of the eggs detected might be dead eggs. In an earlier study, 23 we have noted that the antibody we are using in our assay might be able to differentiate between dead/immature eggs and live/antigen-excreting eggs. This is of importance especially in quantifying the true effect of chemotherapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After further optimization of the ELI-SA previously developed, 23 the following ELISA was adopted. Microtitration plates (Maxisorp; Nunc) were coated by overnight incubation at 4ЊC with 100 l/well of a solution containing 5 g/ml of the purified antibody in 0.1 M sodium carbonate buffer, pH 9.6.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within this project, an ELISA that sensitively detects eosinophil cationic protein in urine of infected individuals has been developed and was found to relate well with other parameters of infection. 22 Here, we describe further development and application of an ELISA recently developed 23 for the quantitative determination of SEA in urine of school children from two areas in Kenya. The relationship of the antigen levels determined has been compared with egg counts, microhematuria, and ultrasonography-detectable pathology.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Detection and quantification of soluble egg antigen in urine of Schistosoma haematobium-infected children from Kenya.

Kahama¹,

Nibbeling²,

Zeyl³

et al. 1998

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. While research on alternative diagnostic and morbidity markers for infection with Schistosoma haematobium has been going on for a long time, egg counts continue to be used as the gold standard, and infection intensity is thought to reflect the severity of the disease. However, this relationship is not always clear and fluctuation in egg output makes it difficult to classify prevalence correctly. The use of circulating adult worm antigen detection as an alternative diagnostic technique has been applied with varying success. However, this is a measure of worm burden and does not reflect the tissue egg load(s). In the present study we have used an assay that detects soluble egg antigen (SEA) in urine of S. haematobium-infected children, and we have evaluated the applicability of the assay as a diagnostic and morbidity indicator. To evaluate this assay, we have studied a group of 470 children from two schools (Tsunguni and Kibaokiche) in the Coast province of Kenya; 84.8% and 77% were egg-positive while the percentage positive as determined by the SEA-ELISA were 78.8% and 76.2% in Tsunguni and Kibaokiche, respectively. In both schools, SEA levels in urine of S. haematobium-infected children significantly correlated with egg counts (Pearson's r ϭ 0.73, P Ͻ 0.0001) and with hematuria (Spearman's r ϭ 0.65, P Ͻ 0.0001). In addition, urinary tract pathology as determined by ultrasound significantly correlated with the SEA levels in urine (Spearman's r ϭ 0.3, P Ͻ 0.001). The SEA-ELISA compared well with microhematuria within egg count classes and with egg counts within hematuria classes.Detection of Schistosoma haematobium ova in urine of infected individuals remains the leading method for the direct diagnosis of the disease, and the intensity of infection expressed as number of eggs per 10 ml of urine is thought to reflect the worm burden. However, a homogeneous distribution of S. haematobium ova in urine is difficult to achieve, 1 while day-to-day and circadian variation in egg excretion may lead to incorrect estimates in prevalence and intensity of infection. Additionally, the relationship between egg counts and pathology is not always clear. 2 The presence and intensity of microhematuria, proteinuria, and leukocyturia are semi-quantitative measures of S. haematobium infection, and these parameters were found to correlate with infection intensity. 3-5 However, variations dependent on geographic area, endemicity, cultural practices, age, sex, and even time of the day exist, limiting the application of hematuria as a diagnostic tool. 6-9 Ultrasound scanning of the urinary tract remains the gold standard for pathology. This technique has been applied in the field and correlates well with standard direct and indirect measurements of S. haematobium morbidity. 10,11 However, ultrasound equipment is expensive and requires trained physicians to handle the equipment and interpret the results, limiting its use under field conditions. These shortcomings have led to the search for alternative quantitative diagnostic meth...

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“…74 Immunodiagnostic assays have been developed to detect circulating antibodies to semi-purified or fractionated antigens [75][76][77][78][79][80][81] and parasite circulating antigens in different host body fluids. [82][83][84][85][86][87][88] Falcon assay screening test (FAST)-ELISA and immunoblot assays for specific antibodies to S. mansoni and S. haematobium adult worm microsomal antigens are highly specific for both species. 89,90 However, positive results in antibody assays do not necessarily correlate with the worm burden, as measured by egg output.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomiasis - An Unusual Cause of Ureteral Obstruction: A Case History and Perspective

Neal¹

2004

Clinical Medicine & Research

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Use of monoclonal antibodies prepared against Schistosoma mansoni hatching fluid antigens for demonstration of Schistosoma haematobium circulating egg antigens in urine.

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Urine circulating soluble egg antigen in relation to egg counts, hematuria, and urinary tract pathology before and after treatment in children infected with Schistosoma haematobium in Kenya.

Urine circulating soluble egg antigen in relation to egg counts, hematuria, and urinary tract pathology before and after treatment in children infected with Schistosoma haematobium in Kenya.

Detection and quantification of soluble egg antigen in urine of Schistosoma haematobium-infected children from Kenya.

Schistosomiasis - An Unusual Cause of Ureteral Obstruction: A Case History and Perspective

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