Use of multilevel covariance structure analysis to evaluate the multilevel nature of theoretical constructs

Farmer, G. Lawrence

doi:10.1093/swr/24.3.180

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…This is generally not the case in large multinational datasets with largely heterogeneous distributions of sociodemographic variables. This problem can be overcome using multi-level factor analysis (MFA), in which three covariance (or correlation) matrices are used: the total covariance matrix Σ T , the between-group covariance matrix Σ bg , and the within-group covariance matrix Σ wg [11, 12, 69, 70]. This method allows the determination of the proportions of the total variance due to group membership and to variation within each group, and whether or not the constructs’ meaning changes between the individual and aggregate (group) levels.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensionality and factorial invariance of religiosity among Christians and the religiously unaffiliated: A cross-cultural analysis based on the International Social Survey Programme

et al. 2019

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We present a study of the dimensionality and factorial invariance of religiosity for 26 countries with a Christian heritage, based on the 1998 and 2008 rounds of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) Religion survey, using both exploratory and multi-group confirmatory factor analyses. The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that three factors, common to Christian and religiously unaffiliated respondents, could be extracted from our initially selected items and suggested the testing of four different three-factor models using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. For the model with the best fit and measurement invariance properties, we labeled the three resulting factors as “Beliefs in afterlife and miracles”, “Belief and importance of God” and “Religious involvement.” The first factor is measured by four items related to the Supernatural Beliefs Scale (SBS-6); the second by three items related to belief in God and God’s perceived roles as a supernatural agent; and the third one by three items with the same structure found in previous cross-cultural analyses of religiosity using the European Values Survey (ESS) and also by belief in God. Unexpectedly, we found that one item, belief in God, cross-loaded on to the second and third factors. We discussed possible interpretations for this finding, together with the potential limitations of the ISSP Religion questionnaire for revealing the structure of religiosity. Our tests of measurement invariance across gender, age, educational degree and religious (un)affiliation led to acceptance of the hypotheses of metric- and scalar-invariance for these groupings (units of analysis). However, in the measurement invariance tests across the countries, the criteria for metric invariance were met for twenty-three countries only, and partial scalar invariance was accepted for fourteen countries only. The present work shows that the exploration of large multinational and cross-cultural datasets for studying the dimensionality and invariance of social constructs (in our case, religiosity) yields useful results for cross-cultural comparisons, but is also limited by the structure of these datasets and the way specific items are coded.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensionality and factorial invariance of religiosity among Christians and the religiously unaffiliated: A cross-cultural analysis based on the International Social Survey Programme

et al. 2019

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“…Multilevel analyses avoid the constraints of individual and population-based analyses by explicitly modelling the contributions made from the different levels within these analyses. 11,[14][15][16][17] To date, overseas research considering area effects and smoking prevalence using this technique has yielded mixed results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking, not smoking: how important is where you live?

Migliorini

Siahpush²

2006

Health Promot J Aust

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The level of disadvantage of the residential neighbourhood has a unique, statistically significant influence, but not to the same degree as previously published Australian research. The effect is consistent across individual characteristics such as age and level of education for men. The effect is small and less consistent for women. Indeed, area of residence seems less important for women as a whole, suggesting differential influences according to gender.

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“…We use the multilevel model to analyze the effects of VS share on the increase in foreign trade. The use of this model is becoming increasingly popular in social science research (Hox and Kreft, 1994;Kreft, 1995;Farmer, 2000).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Specialization and Trade Growth in Northeast Asia

Hwang¹,

Song²,

Kim³

2011

China and World Economy

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As the global economy has become further integrated, the international production chain has become more sophisticated, with diversified stages of production located in different countries. Economic theorists have argued that the fragmentation of the global production chain is partly attributable to the high growth in international trade over the past several decades. In this study, we examine vertical specialization in China, Japan and Korea, and its contribution to these nations' trade. Using a multilevel model, it is illustrated that vertical specialization has encouraged increases in trade among all three countries. In particular, China's outcome is remarkable considering how recently it became a member of the WTO.

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Use of multilevel covariance structure analysis to evaluate the multilevel nature of theoretical constructs

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Dimensionality and factorial invariance of religiosity among Christians and the religiously unaffiliated: A cross-cultural analysis based on the International Social Survey Programme

Dimensionality and factorial invariance of religiosity among Christians and the religiously unaffiliated: A cross-cultural analysis based on the International Social Survey Programme

Smoking, not smoking: how important is where you live?

Vertical Specialization and Trade Growth in Northeast Asia

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