Use of non-psychoactive residual biomass from <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. for obtaining phenolic rich-extracts with antioxidant capacity

Vega, Guillermo; Dávila, Javier A.

doi:10.1080/14786419.2021.1969562

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A similar observation was made by Yunus et al where reducing the particle size of dried Areca catechu seeds from 500 to 125 μm increased the extracted oil yield (%) by 21.2%. Vega and Dávila reported that reducing the particle size of non-psychoactive residual cannabis biomass (stems and leaves) from 428 to 109 μm at a constant extraction time of 8 h and the solid-to-solvent ratio of 6.18 g mL –1 increased the total phenolic content from 308 to 903 mg GAE g –1 DW and total antioxidant capacity (mM Trolox) by 25%. Makanjuola observed an increase in total phenolic content (mg GAE L –1 ) of aqueous ethanolic tea powdered extracts by 50.5% when the particle size of tea was reduced from 1.18 to 0.71 mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Particle Size, Solvent Type, and Extraction Temperature on the Extraction of Crude Cannabis Oil, Cannabinoids, and Terpenes

Sagili

Addo

MacPherson

et al. 2023

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

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Optimized medicinal plant processing and extraction can improve extract yield and efficiency for valued secondary metabolites while reducing operation costs. This study investigated the effects of the particle size [coarse (2–4 mm), medium (0.5–2 mm), fine (0.25–0.5 mm)], solvents (ethanol, butanol, hexane), and extraction temperature (−20 °C, 4 °C, room temperature) on extracted crude cannabis oil yield and cannabinoid/terpene concentrations using a full factorial design. Results indicate that finer particle size significantly increased the cannabinoid concentrations in the extracts. Ethanol extraction with fine-sized cannabis particles at 4 °C obtained the highest crude oil yield of 28% and had improved recovery rates: 41% for THCA, 36% for CBGA, and higher total terpene concentration (1550 mg/100 g dry matter) in the extracts. Irrespective of temperature and particle size, the solvents produced extracts with different colors: dark green for ethanol, green for butanol, and yellow for hexane. This research provides grinding and extraction conditions with scale-up potential by the cannabis industry to achieve higher crude cannabis oil yield with significant cannabinoids and terpene concentrations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Particle Size, Solvent Type, and Extraction Temperature on the Extraction of Crude Cannabis Oil, Cannabinoids, and Terpenes

Sagili

Addo

MacPherson

et al. 2023

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

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“…This may have been due to the fact that brassinolide can penetrate the grape cell membrane and enhance the stretching vibration of C-OH. Guillermo et al [39] showed that C-OH is closely related to the synthesis of alcohols and phenols in fruit. Therefore, AUT application can ultimately improve the accumulation of phenols [40][41][42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis of the Mechanism of Foliar Application of Hormone-Type Growth Regulator in the Improvement of Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Coloration in Saline-Alkaline Soil

Chang

Liu

et al. 2022

Plants

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(1) Background: To solve the problems of incomplete coloration and quality decline caused by unreasonable use of regulators in grapes, this study clarified the differences in the effects of a hormone-type growth regulator (AUT) and two commercial regulators on grape coloration and quality through field experiments. (2) Methods: The color indexes (brightness (L*), red/green color difference (a*), yellow/blue color difference (b*), and color index for red grapes (CIRG)) of grape fruit were measured using a CR-400 handheld color difference meter. The titratable acid content, total phenol content, and total sugar content were measured using anthrone colorimetry, folinol colorimetry, and NaOH titration, respectively, and the chalcone isomerase activity, phenylalanine ammoniase activity, dihydroflavol reductase activity, and anthocyanin content were measured using a UV spectrophotometer. (3) Results: The a*, total sugar and total phenol contents, and chalcone isomerase (CHI) and phenylalanine ammoniase (PAL) activities of grape fruit in the AUT treatment significantly increased, while the titratable acid content significantly decreased, compared to those in the CK treatment. The expressions of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) trpB and argJ in AUT treatment were significantly up-regulated. The expressions of the differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) phenylalanine and 4-oxoproline were significantly up-regulated, while those of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and N-acetyl glutamate were significantly down-regulated. The CIRG significantly increased by 36.4% compared to that in the CK, indicating improved fruit coloration. (4) Conclusion: The AUT could shorten the color conversion period of grape fruit and improve the coloration, taste, and tolerance to saline and alkaline stresses.

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“…In research works developed in Colombia, cannabidiol was extracted at up to 66% from the original biomass using a semi-continuous lixiviation process with absolute ethanol as the solvent and a constant temperature and stirring speed. This study provided a more efficient extraction method compared to Soxhlet extraction (efficiency of 10.5% vs. 11.07%, respectively) and with a meager initial investment compared to other techniques, such as SC-CO 2 [ 104 ] In 2022, Vega and Dávila [ 105 ] studied the extraction time, particle size, and solid–solvent ratio using Soxhlet extraction (ethanol as a solvent) to extract phenolic compounds from the leaves and stems of Cannabis sativa L. These parts of the plant are considered residual biomass with a reliable source of bioactive compound extracts and attractive economic and environmental advantages. Similar to Brazilian research, maceration (using ethanol) and SC-CO 2 extraction for comparison were evaluated and reported as two of the most used methods to obtain cannabinoid extracts for medical purposes.…”

Section: Current Research On Extraction Processing In Latin Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Extraction Technologies: Impact of Research and Value Addition in Latin America

et al. 2023

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The Cannabis genus of plants has been widely used in different cultures for various purposes. It is separated into three main species: sativa, indica, and ruderalis. In ancient practices, the plant was used as a multipurpose crop and valued for its fiber, food, and medicinal uses. Since methodologies for the extraction, processing, and identification of components have become available, medical, and food applications have been increasing, allowing potential development in the pharmaceutical and healthy functional food industries. Although the growing legalization and adoption of cannabis for the treatment of diseases are key factors pushing the growth of its market, the biggest challenge is to obtain higher-quality products in a time- and cost-effective fashion, making the process of extraction and separation an essential step. Latin American countries exhibit great knowledge of extraction technologies; nevertheless, it is still necessary to verify whether production costs are economically profitable. In addition, there has been an increase in commercial cannabis products that may or may not be allowed, with or without quality fact sheets, which can pose health risks. Hence, legalization is mandatory and urgent for the rest of Latin American countries. In this article, the phytochemical compounds (cannabinoids, terpenes, and phenolic compounds), the current status of legalization, extraction techniques, and research advances in cannabis in Latin America are reviewed.

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Use of non-psychoactive residual biomass from Cannabis sativa L. for obtaining phenolic rich-extracts with antioxidant capacity

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of Particle Size, Solvent Type, and Extraction Temperature on the Extraction of Crude Cannabis Oil, Cannabinoids, and Terpenes

Effects of Particle Size, Solvent Type, and Extraction Temperature on the Extraction of Crude Cannabis Oil, Cannabinoids, and Terpenes

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis of the Mechanism of Foliar Application of Hormone-Type Growth Regulator in the Improvement of Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Coloration in Saline-Alkaline Soil

Cannabis Extraction Technologies: Impact of Research and Value Addition in Latin America

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