Use of Questioning between Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and Patients to Realize TCM Philosophy: Holism, Five Elements and Yin-Yang in the Context of Doctor–Patient Communication

Pun, Jack; Chor, Winnie

doi:10.1080/10410236.2020.1828533

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Under the guidance of system theory, meridian entry points by listening, asking, and using the meridian acupoints and collaterals, philosophical Bian Zheng, differentiation of syndrome differentiation, the Sanjiao (triple energizer) Bian Zheng, blood gas camp dialectical, Qi-blood Bian Zheng, dialectical diagnosis, such as the eight principles and eight Gang Dialectics, made great contributions to the development of human reproduction. At the same time, these can serve healthy China and have important social and economic value [15][16][17][18]. However, due to recent history, the lack of corresponding diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine instrument, although there are some tongue diagnosis, ear diagnosis, research of pulse, and simple equipment [19][20][21], can detect some characteristic indexes or characteristics of the human body data; these features indicators or data in TCM diagnosis can provide certain reference function, but these characteristics index was not enough to effectively meet the needs of Chinese medicine as a reference for diagnosis [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection Method and System of the Human Body Characteristic Index Based on TCM

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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As traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gained more and more recognition in the world, Chinese medicine has also played its important role. However, traditional Chinese medicine equipment is relatively deficient, with insufficient functions and low degree of digitalization. For example, existing auscultation equipment can obtain few human characteristic indicators, which is difficult to meet the needs of reference in traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis. Based on this, this paper designed a human body characteristic index detection system based on the principle of traditional Chinese medicine, which includes respiratory and heartbeat signal acquisition device, meridian and acupoint signal acquisition device, temperature signal acquisition device, pulse and blood pressure acquisition device, processing module, keyword module, and output module. The respiratory and heartbeat signal acquisition device is used to collect the respiratory and heartbeat signal of human body. Meridian acupoint signal acquisition device is used to collect human meridian acupoint radio signals. The temperature signal acquisition device is used to collect the infrared temperature light wave signal of human body. Pulse and blood pressure acquisition devices are used to collect pulse and blood pressure signals. The processing module is used to obtain one or more human body characteristic indicators according to one or more of the respiration and heartbeat signals, meridians and acupoints signals, temperature signals, pulse, and blood pressure, including Qi and blood characteristic indicators, viscera and six meridian characteristic indicators, and temperature characteristic indicators. The keyword corresponding module is used to obtain the corresponding keyword representing the physiological state information of human body according to the one or more human body characteristic indicators. The output module is used to output the human body characteristic index and the key words. It includes the key words of Qi and blood state information, the key words of viscera state information, the key words of Qi and blood state information, etc. The system can be used for serious disease screening, chronic disease management, and risk early warning.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection Method and System of the Human Body Characteristic Index Based on TCM

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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“…An example is asking Wh-questions which are proven to generate more elaborated answers from the patients ( Pun et al, 2019a ). Besides, initiating small talks can allow the practitioners to have more information about the patient’s social interaction and health condition, as well as enhancing their involvement and participation, and eventually lead to higher satisfaction of the patients ( Pun et al, 2019a ; Pun, 2020 ; Pun and Chor, 2020 ; Pun and Wong, 2022 ). We anticipate that these results will also result in further growth in the popularity of TCM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that TCM practitioners strategically used a range of linguistic strategies to understand how their patients understood their own conditions, to promote patient-centred care and to co-create a joint decision-making process for clinical treatment. Pun and Chor illustrated how TCM practitioners skilfully used a range of questions (i.e., general questions, biomedical questions, psychosocial questions) and formats (i.e., open-ended, closed-ended, clarification and tracking) to create a space for patients to discuss their illnesses and their primary concerns ( Pun and Chor, 2020 ). Pun and Chor defined these moments as a form of ‘ touch ’ (this term is used to represent the nature of holistic TCM interactions) to co-construct an understanding of the patient’s condition ( Pun and Chor, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pun and Chor illustrated how TCM practitioners skilfully used a range of questions (i.e., general questions, biomedical questions, psychosocial questions) and formats (i.e., open-ended, closed-ended, clarification and tracking) to create a space for patients to discuss their illnesses and their primary concerns ( Pun and Chor, 2020 ). Pun and Chor defined these moments as a form of ‘ touch ’ (this term is used to represent the nature of holistic TCM interactions) to co-construct an understanding of the patient’s condition ( Pun and Chor, 2020 ). In these instances, the TCM practitioners interacted with their patients to explore their symptoms or ‘ Zheng ’, and opened a space for patients to participate in the ongoing discourse to clarify, discuss and understand their illnesses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The active participation of elderly patients in traditional Chinese medicine consultations as means to creating a community of practice: A case study in Hong Kong

Pun

2022

Front. Psychol.

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Despite its historic role in Chinese society and its popularity with an elderly Chinese population, limited research has explored the discursive practices of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Our analysis of practitioner–patient interactions illustrated the reasons why TCM is widely welcomed by a specific patient group. This paper adopted the concept of Community of Practice (CoP) as a theoretical framework to document how patients interact with TCM practitioners to construct meaning through a process of participation and reification. This study aimed to explore how patients in a medical consultation context developed an understanding of their conditions and how they strategically used medical terminology to enact meaningful exchanges to realise their CoP. An inductive qualitative discourse analysis was conducted to for nine elderly patients (i.e., age > 65) in Hong Kong to demonstrate the role that a CoP played in a joint process of knowledge construction to promote a patient-centred practice and foster the active participation of the patients. TCM practitioners can develop specific communication skills to promote their patients’ CoP, which will improve patient-centred care, empower patients to actively engage in their treatments and result in higher levels of patient satisfaction.

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“…Holism is a critical principle of TCM. Integration of network science with abundant TCM experience may therefore help to transform the research pattern from a single drug target to multi-component network targets, which should provide novel insights into the activities and associated mechanisms of the herbal components of TCM ( Pun and Chor, 2020 ). In the present study, we examined the active components and mechanisms underlying the effects of SNS on liver fibrosis using network pharmacology analysis in combination with experimental validation, which were carried out in accordance with Network Pharmacology Evaluation Method Guidance-Draft ( Li, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network Pharmacological Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Mechanisms of Action of Si-Ni-San Against Liver Fibrosis

et al. 2021

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Background: Si-Ni-San (SNS), a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has potency against liver diseases, such as hepatitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the therapeutic efficacy and pharmacological mechanisms of action of SNS against liver fibrosis remain largely unclear.Methods: A carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis mouse model was adopted for the first time to investigate the beneficial effects of SNS on liver fibrosis. The potential mechanisms of action of SNS were explored using the network pharmacology-based strategy and validated with the aid of diverse assays.Results: SNS treatment reduced collagen and ECM deposition, downregulated fibrosis-related factor (hyaluronic acid and laminin) contents in serum, maintained the morphological structure of liver tissue, and improved liver function in the liver fibrosis model. Based on network pharmacology results, apoptosis, inflammation and angiogenesis, together with the associated pathways (including VEGF, TNF, caspase, PPAR-γ and NF-κB), were identified as the mechanisms underlying the effects of SNS on liver fibrosis. Further in vivo experiments validated the significant mitigatory effects of SNS on inflammatory infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine contents (IFNγ, IL-1β and TGF-β1) in liver tissues of mice with liver fibrosis. SNS suppressed pathologic neovascularization as well as levels of VEGFR1, VEGF and VEGFR2 in liver tissues. SNS treatment additionally inhibited hepatic parenchyma cell apoptosis in liver tissues of mice with liver fibrosis and regulated apoptin expression while protecting L02 cells against apoptosis induced by TNF-α and Act D in vitro. Activation of hepatic stellate cells was suppressed and the balance between MMP13 and TIMP1 maintained in vitro by SNS. These activities may be associated with SNS-induced NF-κB suppression and PPAR-γ activation.Conclusion: SNS effectively impedes liver fibrosis progression through alleviating inflammation, ECM accumulation, aberrant angiogenesis and apoptosis of hepatic parenchymal cells along with inhibiting activation of hepatic stellate cells through effects on multiple targets and may thus serve as a novel therapeutic regimen for this condition.

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Use of Questioning between Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and Patients to Realize TCM Philosophy: Holism, Five Elements and Yin-Yang in the Context of Doctor–Patient Communication

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Detection Method and System of the Human Body Characteristic Index Based on TCM

Detection Method and System of the Human Body Characteristic Index Based on TCM

The active participation of elderly patients in traditional Chinese medicine consultations as means to creating a community of practice: A case study in Hong Kong

Network Pharmacological Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Mechanisms of Action of Si-Ni-San Against Liver Fibrosis

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