Use of recombinant Lactobacillus sakei for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced enteritis

He, Junyan; Wang, Wu-zhou; Qi, Huizhou; Ma, Yun; He, Shuya

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2018.07.024

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These studies raise the possibility that the composition of human microbiota can be modulated through changes in diet, drugs, and environment. Early studies have constantly attempted to pretreat radiation‐induced intestinal injury by changing the composition of intestinal microbiota 12,13 through mechanisms, such as the activation of Toll‐like receptors (TLRs). TLRs can specifically recognize and bind conserved pathogen‐related molecular patterns to trigger intracellular signal pathways, subsequently leading to cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and production of cytokines, thereby playing an important role in innate immunity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The treatment of RE is primarily based on symptomatic treatment, including anti‐inflammatory agents and analgesics, as well as active surveillance 7 . Associations between human microbiota and radiation‐induced injury have been reported in the gut, 8‐11 and some studies have explored the regulation of microbiota composition for the treatment of radiation complications 12,13 . Th esophagus, similar to other luminal organs of the digestive system, provides a favorable environment for bacterial colonization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decrease of oral microbial diversity might correlate with radiation esophagitis in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing chemoradiation: A pilot study

Sun³

et al. 2020

Precision Radiation Oncology

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Objective: Radiation esophagitis (RE) is a common treatment-emergent adverse event that leads to significant morbidity and mortality in patients with unresectable esophageal cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between oral bacterial diversity and RE in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy. Methods: This study included 21 patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy, and 10 patients undergoing chemotherapy for pathologically confirmed squamous cell esophageal cancer between July 2018 and February 2019 at Shandong Cancer Hospital. Oral mucosal swabs were collected from 10 patients without RE, 11 patients with grade 1 RE, and 10 patients with grade ≥2 RE. The RE grade was based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (v5.0). Oral bacterial diversity was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance was carried out to determine whether the overall bacterial community composition differed among the groups. Linear discriminant analysis effect size was used to analyze species with significant differences among groups. Metagenome content was predicted using phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states. Results: The overall bacterial community composition was similar among the three groups. The abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes was decreased in patients with RE compared with those without RE (linear discriminant analysis value >4, P < 0.05). There were significant functional differences in the flora between the patients without RE and patients with grade 1 RE, as well as between the patients without RE and patients with grade ≥2 RE (P < 0.05). Conclusion: A decrease in oral bacterial diversity might be correlated with RE in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy. These findings warrant further studies for the verification and elucidation of the underlying mechanisms, which will provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of RE. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decrease of oral microbial diversity might correlate with radiation esophagitis in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing chemoradiation: A pilot study

Sun³

et al. 2020

Precision Radiation Oncology

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“…Certain strains of bacteria (particularly Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria ) have been proposed to reduce RT side effects . The use of probiotics to preserve normal tissue during or after radiotherapy has also been shown in many clinical and preclinical studies …”

Section: Combination Of Bacteriotherapy With Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic bacteria to combat cancer; current advances, challenges, and opportunities

et al. 2019

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Successful treatment of cancer remains a challenge, due to the unique pathophysiology of solid tumors, and the predictable emergence of resistance. Traditional methods for cancer therapy including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy all have their own limitations. A novel approach is bacteriotherapy, either used alone, or in combination with conventional methods, has shown a positive effect on regression of tumors and inhibition of metastasis. Bacteria‐assisted tumor‐targeted therapy used as therapeutic/gene/drug delivery vehicles has great promise in the treatment of tumors. The use of bacteria only, or in combination with conventional methods was found to be effective in some experimental models of cancer (tumor regression and increased survival rate). In this article, we reviewed the major advantages, challenges, and prospective directions for combinations of bacteria with conventional methods for tumor therapy.

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“…However, patients with abdominal and pelvic malignant tumors who receive radiotherapy may develop radiation enteritis such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, bleeding, intestinal stricture, obstruction, or even perforation, which significantly affects the quality life of the patients (1)(2)(3). The treatments for radiation enteritis are mainly enteral and parenteral nutrition support and drug treatment, including mucosal protective agents, anti-inflammatory drugs and intestinal probiotics, or even surgical intervention (1,(4)(5)(6). Therefore, how to reduce the occurrence of radiation enteritis is a clinical problem in urgent need to be solved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the regeneration of intestinal stem cells after irradiation

Liang¹,

Shen²,

Fu³

et al. 2020

Ann Transl Med

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Background: Radiation enteritis is common in cancer patients with abdominal and pelvic malignant tumors that have received radiotherapy. Regeneration of intestinal stem cells is a critical process for intestine self-repairing post-irradiation. In this study, we attempted to find out the molecules that promote the regeneration of intestinal stem cells to repair the irradiation damage.Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were given a single dose of 12 Gy irradiation, and in vitro cultured organoids were given 6 Gy X-rays to construct the regeneration of intestinal stem cells. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed for morphological observation. In situ hybridization was used to detect the expression of Lgr5, and immunofluorescence staining was adopted to detect the expression of CD44.FACS was used to sort CD44 positive cells of crypts. RNA was then extracted, and RNA-Seq was performed.The Wnt11 over-expression cell line was constructed to collect the Wnt11 conditioned medium (CM). Results:The results showed both Lgr5 and CD44 located at the bottom of normal crypts. The expression of Lgr5 was lower at day 3.5, 5, but recovered at day 10 post-irradiation compared with the control.However, the expression of CD44 was higher at day 3.5, 5, but recovered at day 10 post-irradiation compared with the control group. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay showed consistent results. RNA-Seq results showed that Wnt11 was over-expressed in the irradiation group.After irradiation adding Wnt11 condition medium to culture, the intestinal organoids resulted in a bigger size and more buddings of the newborn organoids compared with the control group. Conclusions:The expression of CD44 increases during the radiation-induced regeneration of intestinal stem cells while Lgr5 decreases, adding Wnt11 CM can facilitate the proliferation of the newborn organoids after irradiation. Wnt11 is a potential target to promote the regeneration of intestinal stem cells to repair the radiation injury.

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Use of recombinant Lactobacillus sakei for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced enteritis

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Decrease of oral microbial diversity might correlate with radiation esophagitis in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing chemoradiation: A pilot study

Decrease of oral microbial diversity might correlate with radiation esophagitis in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing chemoradiation: A pilot study

Therapeutic bacteria to combat cancer; current advances, challenges, and opportunities

Regulation of the regeneration of intestinal stem cells after irradiation

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