Use of standby generation for reduction of transmission network charges for half-hourly metered customers

Mullen, Christopher; Taylor, Philip; Thornley, Vincent; Wade, Neal

doi:10.1109/upec.2014.6934695

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The HHM customers can minimise their TNUoS charges by reducing their demand during Triad periods. Many commercial customers have an energy storage device or back-up generators to ensure the maintenance of critical supplies in case of a failure that can also be engaged to decrease Triad demand; this is known as 'Triad avoidance' [14]- [19]. It is also possible for generating assets such as BESSs to export power to the grid during the Triad, this results in a payment from the electricity supplier known as the Triad Avoidance Benefit (TAB).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Battery Energy Management Strategy for U.K. Enhanced Frequency Response and Triad Avoidance

Gundogdu

Nejad

Gladwin

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Battery Energy Management Strategy for U.K. Enhanced Frequency Response and Triad Avoidance

Gundogdu

Nejad

Gladwin

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.

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“…The work also does not consider the capital outlay in metering equipment required for STOR providers A standby Diesel generator could be used to provide STOR which would avoid any additional Triad charges due to energy recovery. However this would incur capital costs for grid connection; fuel, refuelling and maintenance charges and would generate CO2 and other emissions [1] the costs of which are not considered in this work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They may be considered as a form of critical peak-pricing, however the Triad periods are not known in advance but are calculated after the Triad season. For half-hourly metered customers, demand during these periods represents a significant additional cost on their electricity bill [1]. For example the Triad charge in the Northern region was 22.346537 £/kW in 2013-14 [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of the coincidence of STOR and triad events on STOR provider's net-income considering load recovery characteristics

Mullen

Wade

Olabisi

et al. 2016

CIRED Workshop 2016

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Demand side response (DSR) providers must consider several factors when participating in grid services by demand reduction. Considering the GB network, this investigation analyses the net income probabilities due to the coincidence of DSR calls for system balancing with peak demand charges, and the influence of demand recovery characteristics on this. This work develops a statistical model of STOR based on published market data and a demand model that calculates the Triad charge and the income from STOR provision, as well as the distribution use of system (DUoS) charges and energy costs. Using these models with historical Triad data, this paper illustrates the statistical spread of financial revenue to the STOR provider given the timing of STOR and Triad periods. The model is also used to investigate the influence of demand recovery shapes on the provider's net income. This can be used in assessing whether demand recovery shape is an important consideration for the provider's DSR strategy.

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“…A "triad" refers to the three half-hour periods, separated by atleast ten clear days, when the electricity demand was highest in GB [6]. There is significant interest from the high-consumption customers to know beforehand the "triad" half-hours so they can use energy management techniques to reduce their electricity consumption and their bills [15]. Energy management in buildings is achieved through a building energy management system (BEMS), a computer-based system that controls mechanical and electrical systems to reduce energy cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cloud-Based Energy Management System for Building Managers

Marmaras

Javed

Rana

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 8th ACM/SPEC on International Conference on Performance Engineering Companion

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A Local Energy Management System (LEMS) is described to control Electric Vehicle charging and Energy Storage Units within built environments. To this end, the LEMS predicts the most probable half hours for a triad peak, and forecasts the electricity demand of a building facility at those times. Three operational algorithms were designed, enabling the LEMS to (i) flatten the demand profile of the building facility and reduce its peak, (ii) reduce the demand of the building facility during triad peaks in order to reduce the Transmission Network Use of System (TNUoS) charges, and (iii) enable the participation of the building manager in the grid balancing services market through demand side response. The LEMS was deployed on over a cloud-based system and demonstrated on a real building facility in Manchester, UK.

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Use of standby generation for reduction of transmission network charges for half-hourly metered customers

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

A Battery Energy Management Strategy for U.K. Enhanced Frequency Response and Triad Avoidance

A Battery Energy Management Strategy for U.K. Enhanced Frequency Response and Triad Avoidance

The impact of the coincidence of STOR and triad events on STOR provider's net-income considering load recovery characteristics

A Cloud-Based Energy Management System for Building Managers

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