Use of sunlight for plant lighting in a bioregenerative life support system – Equivalent system mass calculations

Drysdale, Alan; Nakamura, Takashi; Yorio, N.C.; Sager, John C.; Wheeler, Ray

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2008.09.020

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…ESM was expanded from theory 6 to the practice of accounting for processes ranging from controls 7 , agriculture 8 , and recycling 9,10 . Currently, ESM remains the standard metric for evaluating ALS technology development 9,11,12 and systems [13][14][15][16] . It has been adopted for use in trade studies [17][18][19] , as the the metric for life support sizing [20][21][22] , and has been incorporated into several tools [23][24][25] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extension of Equivalent System Mass for Human Exploration Missions on Mars

Berliner¹,

Makrygiorgos²,

Hill³

2021

Preprint

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NASA mission systems proposals are often compared using an equivalent system mass (ESM) framework wherein all elements of technology to deliver an effect- its components, operations and logistics of delivery- are converted to effective masses since this has a known cost scale in space operations. To date, ESM methods and the tools for system comparison have not considered complexities wherein systems that serve a mission span multiple transit and operations stages, such as would be required to support a crewed mission to Mars, and thus do not account for the different mass equivalency factors operational during each period and the inter-dependencies of the costs across the mission. Further, ESM does not account well for the differential reliabilities of the underlying technologies. Less reliability should incur an equivalent mass cost for technologies that might otherwise provide a mass advantage. We introduce an extensions to ESM to address these limitations and show that it provides a direct method for analyzing, optimizing and comparing different mission systems. We demonstrate our extended ESM (xESM) calculation with crop production technologies -- an aspect of the developing offworld biomanufacturing suite -- since it represents a case with strong coupling among stages of the mission and a relatively high-risk profile.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extension of Equivalent System Mass for Human Exploration Missions on Mars

Berliner¹,

Makrygiorgos²,

Hill³

2021

Preprint

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“…Incorporation of direct solar lighting schemes for plant growth should signifi cantly reduce the equivalent system mass (ESM) costs for bioregenerative life support (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission and Distribution of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) from Solar and Electric Light Sources

Nakamura¹,

Pelt²,

Yorio³

et al. 2009

habitation (elmsford)

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“…In this respect, the use of solar lighting (e.g. by means of solar collectors) could contribute to the energy budget of BLSS, greatly reducing the power requirements for cultivation and ameliorating plant performance by improving the light spectrum (Drysdale et al 2008). This approach would also provide energy suitable for thermal control; however, even though it looks promising, data on the use of natural sunlight for bioregeneration is still tentative, and additional work is needed to make this technology applicable.…”

Section: Plant Cultivation In Blssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soilless cultivation of soybean for Bioregenerative Life‐Support Systems: a literature review and the experience of the MELiSSA Project – Food characterisation Phase I

et al. 2013

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Higher plants play a key role in Bioregenerative Life-Support Systems (BLSS) for long-term missions in space, by regenerating air through photosynthetic CO2 absorption and O2 emission, recovering water through transpiration and recycling waste products through mineral nutrition. In addition, plants could provide fresh food to integrate into the crew diet and help to preserve astronauts' wellbeing. The ESA programme Micro-Ecological Life-Support System Alternative (MELiSSA) aims to conceive an artificial bioregenerative ecosystem for resources regeneration, based on both microorganisms and higher plants. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the four candidate species studied for soilless (hydroponic) cultivation in MELiSSA, because of the high nutritional value of the seeds. Within the MELiSSA programme - Food characterisation Phase I, the aim of the research carried out on soybean at the University of Naples was to select the most suitable European cultivars for cultivation in BLSS. In this context, a concise review on the state-of-the-art of soybean cultivation in space-oriented experiments and a summary of research activity for the preliminary theoretical selection and subsequent agronomical evaluation of four cultivars will be presented in this paper.

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Use of sunlight for plant lighting in a bioregenerative life support system – Equivalent system mass calculations

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Extension of Equivalent System Mass for Human Exploration Missions on Mars

Extension of Equivalent System Mass for Human Exploration Missions on Mars

Transmission and Distribution of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) from Solar and Electric Light Sources

Soilless cultivation of soybean for Bioregenerative Life‐Support Systems: a literature review and the experience of the MELiSSA Project – Food characterisation Phase I

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