Use of Transition Metal Complexes as Selective Hydrogenation Catalysts

Lyon, James E.; Rennick, Leonard E.; Burmeister, John L.

doi:10.1021/i360033a002

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(174 reference statements)

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“…[75] ð9Þ Aromatic carboxylic acids (60) and ester derivatives (62) have been shown to be electrochemically reduced under cathodic conditions to the corresponding benzyl alcohols (61 and 63 respectively) as depicted in Eqs. (9) and (10). Notably, the reduction also proceeds to break the aromaticity of benzoic acid in ethanol [75].…”

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic reactions for the electrochemical and photochemical production of chemical fuels from CO2 – The reduction chemistry of carboxylic acids and derivatives as bent CO2 surrogates

Luca

Fenwick

2015

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

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Available online xxxx a b s t r a c tThe present review covers organic transformations involved in the reduction of CO 2 to chemical fuels. In particular, we focus on reactions of CO 2 with organic molecules to yield carboxylic acid derivatives as a first step in CO 2 reduction reaction sequences. These biomimetic initial steps create opportunities for tandem electrochemical/chemical reductions. We draw parallels between long-standing knowledge of CO 2 reactivity from organic chemistry, organocatalysis, surface science and electrocatalysis. We point out some possible non-faradaic chemical reactions that may contribute to product distributions in the production of solar fuels from CO 2 . These reactions may be accelerated by thermal effects such as resistive heating and illumination.

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Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several of these reactions are successfully performed by transition-metal catalyzed hydrogenations and although important, these reactivities remain outside the scope of the current discussion and have been described elsewhere [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic reactions for the electrochemical and photochemical production of chemical fuels from CO2 – The reduction chemistry of carboxylic acids and derivatives as bent CO2 surrogates

Luca

Fenwick

2015

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

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“…Catalysis of hydrogénation of unsaturated hydrocarbons has been studied widely. Catalysis by a variety of metal complexes including those of Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir, Os, Cr, and Co has been demonstrated (34). Particular attention has been given to the catalytic properties of (<£3P)3RhCl, the so-called Wilkinson catalyst (35)(36)(37), Pt(II)-SnCl2 complexes (38), and [Co(CN)5] 3 " (39,40).…”

Section: Reductionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous Catalysis: Progress, Problems, and Prospects

Stern¹

1971

Origin and Refining of Petroleum

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Research in catalysis by coordination complexes has resulted in the discovery of many new reactions and the development of several important industrial processes. Close parallels to heterogeneous and biocatalysis are indicated. Progress in reaching a detailed understanding of homogeneous catalytic reactions has been slower. Problems encountered are that nonisolable catalytic species may form in situ, kinetic studies often provide only limited mechanistic information, observed rates and products are affected strongly by media and catalyst compositions, and analogies between apparently closely related systems are frequently invalid. Difficulties in commercialization include containment of corrosive systems and product isolation from liquid media. These problems appear resolvable by currently available means. It is expected that continued research will lead to new applications and will contribute substantially to improved understanding of catalytic phenomena in general."p\uring the past decade homogeneous catalysis has progressed from an interesting novelty to its present status as a recognized field. In the interval a great deal has been said and written concerning the subject, much of it well beyond the scope of this discussion which is limited to an indication of what has been accomplished, an outline of the problems which have been encountered, and a forecast of future prospects.In the strictest sense, homogeneous catalysis involves catalytic reactions occurring in a single phase. However, as currently used, the term implies only that at least a portion of a particular reaction is known or suspected strongly to occur in the coordination sphere of a metal (most frequently a transition metal). Activation of substrates and likely the steric course of the reaction are then consequences of bonding in an in- 197Downloaded by UNIV OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO on June 4, 2015 |

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“…More specifically, interfacing the liquid metal with metal electrodes has been identified as a challenge due to the alloying behavior of eGaIn with most metals ,, and the minimal adhesion between eGaIn and most solids . In detail, the silver electrode becomes electromechanically fragile due to the alloying behavior of eGaIn .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Wiring of Eutectic Gallium–Indium to a Metal Electrode for Soft Sensor Systems

Kim

Jeong

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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For wider applications of liquid metal-based stretchable electronics, electrical interface has remained a crucial issue due to its fragile electromechanical stability and complex fabrication steps. In this study, a direct writing-based technique is introduced to form the writing paths of conductive liquid metal (eutectic gallium−indium, eGaIn) and electrical connections to off-the-shelf metal electrodes in a single process. Specifically, by extending eGaIn wires written on a silicone substrate, the eGaIn wires were physically connected to five different metal electrodes, of which stability as an electrical connection was investigated. Among the five different surface materials, the metal electrode finished by electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG) was reproducible and had low contact resistance without time-dependent variation. In our experiments, it was verified that the electrode part made by an ENIG-finished flexible flat cable (FFC) was mechanically (strain, ≤100%; pressure, ≤600 kPa) and thermally (temperature, ≤180 °C) durable. By modifying the trajectories of eGaIn wires, soft sensor systems composed of 10 sensing units were fabricated and tested to measure finger joint angles and ground reaction forces, respectively. The proposed method enables eGaIn-based soft sensors or circuits to be connected to typical electronic components through FFCs or weldable surfaces, using only off-the-shelf materials without additional mechanical or chemical treatments.

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Use of Transition Metal Complexes as Selective Hydrogenation Catalysts

Abstract: and the University of California at Dauis (Ph.D.). His fields of interest are organometallic chemistry and catalysis. He is currently a research chemist at Sun Oil Company and is actiue in the area of homogeneous transition metal catalysis. He is a member

Cited by 24 publications

References 67 publications

Organic reactions for the electrochemical and photochemical production of chemical fuels from CO2 – The reduction chemistry of carboxylic acids and derivatives as bent CO2 surrogates

Organic reactions for the electrochemical and photochemical production of chemical fuels from CO2 – The reduction chemistry of carboxylic acids and derivatives as bent CO2 surrogates

Homogeneous Catalysis: Progress, Problems, and Prospects

Direct Wiring of Eutectic Gallium–Indium to a Metal Electrode for Soft Sensor Systems

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