Use of Urinary Thiocyanate as a Biomarker of Tobacco Smoke

Jain, Ram B.

doi:10.4172/2161-1165.1000268

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Proposed biomarkers of tobacco smoke include serum cotinine, urinary 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), 15 volatile organic compounds like benzene and toluene measured in blood, 16 and urinary thiocyanate. 17 However, probably because of the ease of measurement using easily available assays, serum cotinine continues to remain a biomarker of choice. The half-life of serum cotinine is estimated to be 16-19 h, 18 and as such, serum cotinine can only be used as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco smoke during the last 5 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between smoking and lipid/lipoprotein concentrations among US adults aged ≥20 years

Jain¹,

Ducatman

2018

Journal of Circulating Biomarkers

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Cross-sectional data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for the years 1999–2012 for those aged ≥20 years, fasting for at least 8 h, and classified as smokers and nonsmokers on the basis of observed serum cotinine levels were used to evaluate the impact of smoking on the adjusted and unadjusted concentrations of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG). Adjustments were made for the effects of gender; race/ethnicity; survey year; dietary intake of alcohol; caffeine; cholesterol; saturated, unsaturated, and total fatty acids; fasting time; body mass index; and poverty income ratio. Adjusted levels of LDL and TC did not vary among smokers and nonsmokers. Smokers had lower adjusted levels of HDL than nonsmokers (48.8 vs. 51.4 mg/dL, p < 0.01) and higher adjusted levels of TG (124.4 vs. 111.9 mg/dL, p < 0.01) than nonsmokers. Adjusted odds of smokers having abnormal levels were 1.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4–1.8) for HDL, 1.2 (95% CI 1.1–1.4) for TC, and 1.3 (95% CI 1.2–1.5) for TG. Males had lower adjusted levels than females for HDL (45.2 vs. 55.4 mg/dL, p < 0.01) and TC (191.3 vs. 196.6 mg/dL, p < 0.01) but higher adjusted levels than females for TG (126.3 vs. 110.1 mg/dL, p < 0.01) and LDL (114.4 vs. 112.6 mg/dL, p = 0.02). A unit increase in body mass index was associated with 1.4% decrease in the adjusted levels of HDL, 0.18% increase in the adjusted levels of LDL, and a 2.3% increase in the adjusted levels of TG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between smoking and lipid/lipoprotein concentrations among US adults aged ≥20 years

Jain¹,

Ducatman

2018

Journal of Circulating Biomarkers

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“…Passive smokers Non-smokers difference between the groups in male population (n=42). The median duration of smoking was 12(1-45) years and that for numbers of cigarette per day smoked was 4 (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). However, in the female population (n=3) (Figure 2), there were significant differences in salivary and serum thiocyanate levels were found.…”

Section: Smokersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 Higher concentrations of thiocyanate in the serum, urine and saliva of smokers were compared with those of nonsmokers. 7,8 Thiocyanate is chosen as a biomarker of smoking because of its half-life of 10-14 days which is longer than any other markers likes carbon monoxide, cotinine, and nicotine. 9 Thiocyanate level of Myanmar people in relation to smoking status had never been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of Thiocyanate as a Biological Marker for Discrimination of Smoking Status

2019

myanmarhsrj

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Smokers have increased risk of death more than non-smokers due to its association with cancer, vascular and respiratory diseases, and tuberculosis. Epidemiological research has generally relied upon self-report information concerning smoking status but the validity is limited. Biochemical markers have been used in research on smoking are based on thiocyanate, nicotine, cotinine and carbon monoxide. Among them, thiocyanate is chosen as biomarker of smoking because of its long half-life. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the suitability of urinary, blood and salivary thiocynates (SCN‾) as indicators of smoking and to investigate the correlation among its content in salivary, serum and urinary SCN‾, and duration and amount of smoking. Thiocyanate levels were determined by spectrophotometric method in saliva, serum and urine samples to compare in smokers, passive smokers and non-smokers. The median saliva thiocyanate concentration of smokers [43.79(8.14-187.59 mg/ml)] was significantly higher (p<0.001) as compared to that of passive smokers [26.26(7.95-80.04 mg/ml)] and non-smokers [25.00(5.23-69.96 mg/ml)]. The salivary thiocyanate levels significantly correlated with duration of smoking in years (r=0.366) and number of cigarette smoking per day (r=0.316). Among three types of body fluids, saliva thiocyanate is the best biological marker for discrimination of smoking status. Heavy smokers can be distinguished from passive smokers and non-smokers by determination of thiocyanate level in saliva.

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Estimates of cutoffs with specificities and sensitivities for urine cotinine and hydroxycotinine for US adults aged ≥ 20 years to classify smokers and nonsmokers

Jain¹

2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Use of Urinary Thiocyanate as a Biomarker of Tobacco Smoke

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Associations between smoking and lipid/lipoprotein concentrations among US adults aged ≥20 years

Associations between smoking and lipid/lipoprotein concentrations among US adults aged ≥20 years

Usefulness of Thiocyanate as a Biological Marker for Discrimination of Smoking Status

Estimates of cutoffs with specificities and sensitivities for urine cotinine and hydroxycotinine for US adults aged ≥ 20 years to classify smokers and nonsmokers

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