Background: Aortic cusp extension is a technique for
aortic valve (AV) repairs in pediatric patients. The choice of the
material used in this procedure may influence the time before
reoperation is required. We aimed to assess post-operative and long-term
outcomes of patients receiving either pericardial or synthetic
repairs.
Methods: We conducted a single center, retrospective study of
pediatric patients undergoing aortic cusp extension valvuloplasty (N=38)
with either autologous pericardium (n=30) or CorMatrix (n=8) between
April 2009 and July 2016. Short and long-term postoperative outcomes
were compared between the two groups. Freedom from reoperation was
compared using Kaplan Meier analysis. Degree of aortic stenosis (AS) and
aortic regurgitation (AR) were recorded at baseline, post-operatively,
and at outpatient follow-up.
Results: At five years after repair, freedom from reoperation was
significantly lower in the CorMatrix group (12.5%) compared to
the pericardium group (62.5%) (P = 0.01). For the entire cohort,
there was a statistically significant decrease in the peak trans-valvar
gradient between pre- and post-operative assessments with no significant
change at outpatient follow-up. In the pericardium group, 28 (93%) had
moderate to severe AR at baseline which improved to 11 (37%)
post-operatively and increased to 21 (70%) at time of follow-up. In the
biomaterial group, 8 (100%) had moderate to severe AR which improved to
3 (38%) post-operatively and increased to 7 (88%) at time of
follow-up.
Conclusion: In terms of durability, the traditional autologous
pericardium may outperform the new CorMatrix for AV repairs using the
cusp extension method.