User trials on the colours and symbols for electronic charts

Kaufmann, Roy; Eaton, R. M.

doi:10.1016/0003-6870(94)90055-8

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This supports the large body of research that suggests colour enhances usability of avionic displays. For example, Kaufmann and Eaton [36] found that the users preferred the introduction of colour coding into an established radar navigation system. Colour has also benefited systems used in visualising experiments in physics [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, colour-coding weapon symbology of military pilot HMDs can reduce missile release time without sacrificing probability of kill [28]. Conversely, Dudfield [29,36] found that the performance benefits of colour-coded flight symbology on a HUD far outweighed its perceived importance. However, the pilots in Dudfield's study noted that the difficultly of the employed task, maintenance of a straight-level profile, was not sufficiently challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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With flying colours: Pilot performance with colour-coded head-up flight symbology

et al. 2020

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The manipulation of colour in display symbology design has long been recognised as a method to improve operator experience and performance. Recent developments in colour head-up display (HUD) and helmetmounted display (HMD) technology underline the necessity to understand the human factors considerations of symbology colour coding against conventional monochrome symbology formats. In this low-fidelity desktop human-in-the-loop experiment, the colour of flight symbology on an overlaid symbology set was coded as a redundant cue to indicate the accuracy of professional and non-professional pilots' flight profile across a range of simulated flight manoeuvres. The main finding of this study was that colour coding flight symbology supported the manual flying performance of both professional and non-professional pilots. Notably, colour-coding of the bank indicator and airspeed tape minimised performance error during turning and altitude change manoeuvres, respectively. The usability of colour coded symbology was also rated higher than the monochrome symbology. We conclude that colour coded HUD/HMD symbology is preferred by the user and may improve performance during low workload manual flying tasks. A fuller understanding of performance and workload effects will require future studies to employ higher workload flying tasks and examine the utility of colour coding within higher fidelity environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

With flying colours: Pilot performance with colour-coded head-up flight symbology

et al. 2020

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“…Since the results provided evidence for considering the integrated display as a better option than the two alternative display types, it is di cult to see why such an integration should not be made at source, provided that there is a possibility of reducing clutter on the display. Since our laboratory-base d simulation of the task environment can only model generic features of the work environment, real systems of the diVerent display types need to be assessed separately (Kaufmann and Eaton 1994). This is due to the non-generic features of real systems, which also impinge on performance but could not be modelled in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of display design on performance in a simulated ship navigation environment

et al. 2002

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Although automation is playing an increasing role on the ship's bridge, empirical research on the eVectiveness of alternative bridge designs is limited. In this paper, we describe an experimental study of the bene®ts of integrated information display, using a computerized simulation of a highly automated ship's bridge. The study compared three types of interface design, which presented radar and electronic chart information to the operator in diVerent ways: (a) integrated display, (b) functionally-separate display, and (c) spatiallyseparate display. EVects were examined in relation to time on watch and scenario complexity. Following extensive training on the task, 39 participants were tested over a 4-h experimental session, during which they encountered a sequence of collision scenarios of varying complexity. Using a dual-task methodology, a range of measures of primary and secondary task performance were taken, together with assessment of information sampling behaviour and subjective operator state (workload, fatigue, anxiety and situation awareness). The results indicated slight navigational advantages of the integrated display over the two alternative display types, although it also incurred higher levels of operator cost, particularly fatigue. There were no marked eVects of time on watch, but more complex scenarios were associated with impaired performance, increased workload and reduced situation awareness. Overall, the ®ndings have suggested some bene®ts of integrating primary information sources in a ship's bridge environment. The study further con®rms the value of experimental simulations as tools for investigating design issues for ship's bridge automation.

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Three-Dimensional Waterway System for Ship Navigation Based on Integrated Virtual Waterway and Flow Simulation

Zhang

et al. 2017

J. Waterway, Port, Coastal, Ocean Eng.

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User trials on the colours and symbols for electronic charts

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

With flying colours: Pilot performance with colour-coded head-up flight symbology

With flying colours: Pilot performance with colour-coded head-up flight symbology

Effects of display design on performance in a simulated ship navigation environment

Three-Dimensional Waterway System for Ship Navigation Based on Integrated Virtual Waterway and Flow Simulation

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