“…Elo et al , 2015; Ivanova-Gongne, 2015; Ivanova-Gongne and Törnroos, 2017; Ivanova and Torkkeli, 2013; Ojansivu and Medlin, 2018) and even the concept of a business relationship (Hadjikhani and LaPlaca, 2013; La Rocca, 2013). In recent times, questions pertaining to ontology and metatheory have gained prominence (Lowe and Tapachai, 2021; Medlin, 2022; Ojansivu et al , 2020, 2022), prompting B2B scholars to critically examine their roots and collective heritage.…”