Using a temporal phylogenetic method to harmonize family- and genus-level classification in the largest clade of lichen-forming fungi

Divakar, Pradeep K.; Crespo, Ana; Kraichak, Ekaphan; Leavitt, Steven D.; Singh, Garima; Schmitt, Imke; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten

doi:10.1007/s13225-017-0379-z

Cited by 85 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Our study provides the most comprehensive insight to‐date into phylogenetic relationships and biogeography in the Hypogymnioid clade in Parmeliaceae. Here, the monophyly of the four currently accepted genera in this clade was supported, as found previously with smaller ingroup taxon samplings (Divakar et al., , ; Miadlikowska et al., ). These results also supported the presence of distinct distributional patterns and clear phylogeographical structure in Hypogymnia , consistent with previous studies suggesting continental‐scale distribution in the genus (Elvebakk, ; Miadlikowska et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In our study, we implemented the divergent time of 31.67 Ma for the Hypogymnioid node as a secondary calibration point because this age was obtained based on three lichen fossil calibrations, i.e. Alectoria , Anzia and Parmelia (Divakar et al., ), and got the age at this node as 31.43 Ma (Oligocene). Our study indicates that early diversification events of the Hypogymnia clade occurred in the Northern Hemisphere, especially North America and Europe, and then dispersed to Australia and Asia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exploratory analyses provided similar results among these analyses (results not shown), hence we selected the lognormal prior for final analysis (Thorne & Kishino, ). Additionally, a secondary calibration constraining the Hypogymnioid clade (Divakar et al., ) at 31.67 Ma (23.85–40.62 Ma, 95% highest posterior density, HPD) was implemented (Divakar et al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parallel Miocene dispersal events explain the cosmopolitan distribution of the Hypogymnioid lichens

Divakar

Wei

McCune

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim Contemporary species’ distributions are shaped by both geography and historical events, such as extinction, diversification in specific areas and long‐distance dispersals. In the most diverse family of lichen‐forming fungi, Parmeliaceae, the Hypogymnioid clade, is an example of an evolutionary lineage comprised of species occurring in temperate to subpolar regions in both hemispheres. Here, we elucidate the timing of diversification events and the impact of historical events on the species distribution in this lineage. Location Worldwide. Taxon Genera Arctoparmelia, Brodoa, Hypogymnia and Pseudevernia (Parmeliaceae). Methods Our sampling focused on the most diverse genus of the clade, Hypogymnia, including c. 70% of the described species. We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships using a multi‐locus data set, estimated divergence times, and inferred ancestral distributions. Results Our analyses suggest that the ancestor of the Hypogymnioid clade occurred in the Holarctic. In each of the four genera, all recovered as monophyletic here, diversification have occurred largely during the Miocene and Pliocene. A number of currently accepted species did not form monophyletic groups, especially in cases where specimens were collected from distinct geographic areas, with multiple, distinct clades corresponding to the geographic region of origin. Our results suggest that only a very few species in the Hypogymnioid clade have cosmopolitan distributions, all of which reproduces using vegetative propagules including both symbiotic partners. Main conclusions While the diversification occurred predominantly in the Northern Hemisphere during the Miocene, a long‐distance dispersal event from the Northern to the Southern Hemisphere, resulted in diversification of a clade of species largely restricted to the Southern Hemisphere. Similar to other groups in this diverse family, our study highlights the need for re‐evaluation of species boundaries among members of the Hypogymnioid clade.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parallel Miocene dispersal events explain the cosmopolitan distribution of the Hypogymnioid lichens

Divakar

Wei

McCune

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

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“…In the absence of fossil evidence for the Oropogon-Sulcaria clade, we used a previously estimated rate of molecular evolution for the ITS region for Oropogon (2.43 × 10 -9 substitution/site/year; Leavitt & al., 2012b) to infer divergence times. Exploratory analyses using this substitution rate resulted in estimates that were highly congruent with recent fossil-calibrated estimates for major groups within Parmeliaceae (Divakar & al., 2017); therefore, we assumed that our rate-calibrated approach provided reasonable estimates. Substitution rates for nuLSU, ß-tubulin and MCM7 were co-estimated along the run under a uniform prior in order to avoid biasing substitution rates with improper priors.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Ongoing studies into historical biogeography of lichenized fungi have benefited from the application of molecular dating techniques (Berbee & Taylor, 2010;Prieto & Wedin, 2013). The main lichenized Ascomycota lineages appeared during Carboniferous, with successive bursts of diversification into the Jurassic and Cretaceous (Prieto & Wedin, 2013;Beimforde & al., 2014;Lumbsch, 2016;Divakar & al., 2017;Lumbsch & Rikkinen, 2017). In contrast, the origin of angiosperms was estimated either in the lower Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous (Bell & al., 2005(Bell & al., , 2010, or in the Triassic to early Jurassic (Clarke & al., 2011), which suggests a corresponding relationship between the main diversification events within Lecanoromycetidae and Ostropomycetidae and their life style as epiphytes (Prieto & Wedin, 2013), mainly on angiosperms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel Miocene‐dominated diversification of the lichen‐forming fungal genus Oropogon (Ascomycota: Parmeliaceae) in different continents

Wei

Leavitt

Huang

et al. 2017

TAXON

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Lineages with broad, intercontinental distributions can provide insight into factors that influence diversity across both temporal and geographic scales. Lichens are well known for distinct biogeographic distribution patterns, including a high number of lineages with intercontinental distributions. The lichen‐forming fungal genus Oropogon, from one of the largest families of lichen‐forming ascomycetes, Parmeliaceae, occurs in both Asia and the Neotropics. How this genus obtained this disjunct distribution is not currently known. To better understand factors shaping diversity in Oropogon, we (i) estimated the timing of diversification of major clades within this genus; (ii) inferred the historical biogeography of Oropogon; and (iii) identified factors that potentially affected the distribution and evolution of this genus. Our results suggest that the genus originally radiated during the early Miocene, with subsequent diversification events occurring during the middle Miocene. Ancestral area reconstructions for Oropogon suggest that the genus was either widespread with subsequent separate diversification in Asia and America or originated in the New World (America), with subsequent migration to Asia. We hypothesize that the Mi‐1 glaciation impacted diversification of Oropogon species in Asia, and that the rise of major mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas, helped promote diversification in Oropogon in the Old World.

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Lichenized Ascomycota from the Pantanal in Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil

Canêz

Koch

Barbosa

et al. 2021

Flora and Vegetation of the Pantanal Wetland

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Using a temporal phylogenetic method to harmonize family- and genus-level classification in the largest clade of lichen-forming fungi

Cited by 85 publications

References 74 publications

Parallel Miocene dispersal events explain the cosmopolitan distribution of the Hypogymnioid lichens

Parallel Miocene dispersal events explain the cosmopolitan distribution of the Hypogymnioid lichens

Parallel Miocene‐dominated diversification of the lichen‐forming fungal genus Oropogon (Ascomycota: Parmeliaceae) in different continents

Lichenized Ascomycota from the Pantanal in Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil

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