Using Amphioxus as a Basal Chordate Model to Study BMP Signaling Pathway

Yong, Luok Wen; Kozmiková, Iryna; Yu, Jr-Kai

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-8904-1_8

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Adult B. floridae were collected in Tampa Bay, FL, United States. Animals were maintained in the laboratory as previously described ( Zhang et al, 2007 ; Yong et al, 2019 ). Gametes were obtained either by electric stimulation, heat shock, or spontaneous spawning ( Holland and Yu, 2004 ; Ono et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Updated Staging System for Cephalochordate Development: One Table Suits Them All

Carvalho

Lahaye

Yong

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Chordates are divided into three subphyla: Vertebrata, Tunicata, and Cephalochordata. Phylogenetically, the Cephalochordata, more commonly known as lancelets or amphioxus, constitute the sister group of Vertebrata and Tunicata. Lancelets are small, benthic, marine filter feeders, and their roughly three dozen described species are divided into three genera: Branchiostoma, Epigonichthys, and Asymmetron. Due to their phylogenetic position and their stereotypical chordate morphology and genome architecture, lancelets are key models for understanding the evolutionary history of chordates. Lancelets have thus been studied by generations of scientists, with the first descriptions of adult anatomy and developmental morphology dating back to the 19th century. Today, several different lancelet species are used as laboratory models, predominantly for developmental, molecular and genomic studies. Surprisingly, however, a universal staging system and an unambiguous nomenclature for developing lancelets have not yet been adopted by the scientific community. In this work, we characterized the development of the European lancelet (Branchiostoma lanceolatum) using confocal microscopy and compiled a streamlined developmental staging system, from fertilization through larval life, including an unambiguous stage nomenclature. By tracing growth curves of the European lancelet reared at different temperatures, we were able to show that our staging system permitted an easy conversion of any developmental time into a specific stage name. Furthermore, comparisons of embryos and larvae from the European lancelet (B. lanceolatum), the Florida lancelet (Branchiostoma floridae), two Asian lancelets (Branchiostoma belcheri and Branchiostoma japonicum), and the Bahamas lancelet (Asymmetron lucayanum) demonstrated that our staging system could readily be applied to other lancelet species. Although the detailed staging description was carried out on developing B. lanceolatum, the comparisons with other lancelet species thus strongly suggested that both staging and nomenclature are applicable to all extant lancelets. We conclude that this description of embryonic and larval development will be of great use for the scientific community and that it should be adopted as the new standard for defining and naming developing lancelets. More generally, we anticipate that this work will facilitate future studies comparing representatives from different chordate lineages.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adult B. belcheri and B. japonicum were collected in Kinmen Island near Xiamen in southeastern China ( Zhang et al, 2013 ). Animals were maintained as previously described ( Zhang et al, 2007 ; Yong et al, 2019 ). Embryos were obtained through spontaneous spawning in the facility ( Zhang et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Updated Staging System for Cephalochordate Development: One Table Suits Them All

Carvalho

Lahaye

Yong

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…Adult amphioxus (Branchiostoma floridae) were maintained as described previously [52]. In brief, adults were kept at room temperature and fed with algae (Isochrysis galbana; Pingtung, Taiwan) at a titer of 8-12 3 10 4 cell/ml on a daily basis.…”

Section: Amphioxusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Reprogramming of Positional Memory in a Regenerating Appendage

et al. 2019

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“…Adult B. floridae were collected in Tampa Bay, Florida, USA. Animals were maintained in the laboratory as previously described (Zhang et al, 2007; Yong et al, 2019). Gametes were obtained either by electric stimulation, heat shock or spontaneous spawning (Holland and Yu, 2004; Ono et al, 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An updated staging system for cephalochordate development: one table suits them all

Carvalho

Lahaye

Yong

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background:The chordates are divided into three subphyla: Vertebrata, Tunicata and Cephalochordata. Phylogenetically, the Cephalochordata, more commonly known as lancelets or amphioxus, constitute the sister group of Vertebrata plus Tunicata. Due to their phylogenetic position and their conserved morphology and genome architecture, lancelets are important models for understanding the evolutionary history of chordates. Lancelets are small, marine filter-feeders, and the few dozen species that have so far been described have been grouped into three genera: Branchiostoma, Epigonichthys and Asymmetron.Given their relevance for addressing questions about the evolutionary diversification of chordates, lancelets have been the subjects of study by generations of scientists, with the first descriptions of adult anatomy and developmental morphology dating back to the 19 th century. Today, several different lancelet species are used as laboratory models, predominantly for developmental, molecular and genomic studies. It is thus very surprising that there is currently no universal staging system and no unambiguous nomenclature for developing lancelets. Results:We illustrated the development of the European amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum) using confocal microscopy and compiled a streamlined developmental staging system, from fertilization through larval life, with an unambiguous stage nomenclature. By tracing growth curves of the European amphioxus reared at different temperatures, we were able to show that our staging system permits the easy conversion of any developmental time into a defined 3 stage name. Furthermore, comparisons of embryos and larvae from the European amphioxus (B. lanceolatum), the Florida amphioxus (B. floridae), the Chinese amphioxus (B. belcheri), the Japanese amphioxus (B. japonicum) and the Bahamas lancelet (Asymmetron lucayanum) demonstrated that our staging system can readily be applied to other lancelet species.Conclusions: Here, we propose an updated staging and nomenclature system for lancelets. Although the detailed staging description was carried out on developing B. lanceolatum, comparisons with other lancelet species strongly suggest that both staging and nomenclature are applicable to all extant lancelets.We thus believe that this description of embryonic and larval development can be of great use for the scientific community and hope that it will become the new standard for defining and naming developing lancelets. KeywordsAmphioxus, Asymmetron lucayanum, Branchiostoma belcheri, Branchiostoma floridae, Branchiostoma japonicum, Branchiostoma lanceolatum, Confocal Microscopy, Embryonic and Larval Development, Evolution and Development, Lancelet 4

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Using Amphioxus as a Basal Chordate Model to Study BMP Signaling Pathway

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

An Updated Staging System for Cephalochordate Development: One Table Suits Them All

An Updated Staging System for Cephalochordate Development: One Table Suits Them All

Genetic Reprogramming of Positional Memory in a Regenerating Appendage

An updated staging system for cephalochordate development: one table suits them all

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