“…the study adopted a push motivation perspective by using a shortened version of the leisure Motivation Scale put forward by Beard and ragheb (1983). the scale has been used in many leisure contexts, successfully employed across a wide range of sociodemographic groups and applied to culturally diverse samples (e.g., Ashton-Shaeffer & Constant, 2006;Cleaver, green, & Muller, 2000;Correia, Silva, & Moço, 2008;Mohsin, 2008;Mohsin & ryan, 2007;Perrett, 2007;ryan & gledon, 1998). Another important strength, which is particularly important in the context of this study, is that the scale has proved to be successful in identifying types or clusters of leisure travelers (ryan & gledon, 1998).…”