Using corporate sustainability reporting to assess the environmental footprint of titanium and zirconium mining

Perks, Cameron; Mudd, Gavin Mark; Currell, Matthew

doi:10.1016/j.exis.2021.101034

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Dumps have been reported to be a source of enrichment of pollutants in surrounding soils [20]. Variables Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Zr found in the studied samples could be associated with different anthropogenic sources, such as the dump wastes [65], surrounding traffic and pavement degradation [42], resuspension [66], and airport proximity [67]. Aluminum has been associated with untreated disposal of cans, household utensils, cosmetics, and laminated packaging [7], Cr has been associated with packaging waste from paints, varnishes, organic solvents, and oils [56,57], Cu, Pb, Zn, and Ni have been associated with waste electronic equipment, rechargeable, paint cans, varnishes, organic solvents, and glass waste [58,59], and Zr has been associated with hospital wastes, explosives, and lamps [68], all deposited in the Hulene-B dump.…”

Section: Environmental Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 88%

Soil Risk Assessment in the Surrounding Area of Hulene-B Waste Dump, Maputo (Mozambique)

2022

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Soil contamination in areas close to unplanned dumpsites represents an increasing risk to the ecosystems and human health. This study aimed to evaluate soil quality in the area surrounding the Hulene-B waste dump, Maputo, Mozambique, and to estimate potential ecological and human health risks. A total of 71 surface soil samples were collected in the surrounding area of the dump, along with 10 samples in areas considered not impacted by the dump. Chemical and mineralogical analyses were performed using XRF and XRD. Quartz was the most abundant mineral phase, followed by feldspars, carbonates, clay minerals, and Fe oxides/hydroxides. Results showed a significant contribution to ecological degradation by PTE enrichment, ranked as Zn >> Cu > Cr > Zr > Pb > Ni > Mn. Carcinogenic risk for both children and adults was significant due to Pb soil content. Soil sample concentrations of Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Zr, posing a risk especially in children, suggested the need for continuous monitoring, as well as the definition and implementation of mitigation measures.

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Section: Environmental Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 88%

Soil Risk Assessment in the Surrounding Area of Hulene-B Waste Dump, Maputo (Mozambique)

2022

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“…21 Finally, as a metal, titanium must be extracted as ore and further refined, a process that requires land disturbances, air emissions, and water consumption. 22 Regardless of the substrate, material manufacturing is complex and prone to emitting copious emissions; therefore, steps may be taken to use these resources sparingly. Although 3D printing is necessary when it presents a clear benefit to patients or their caregivers, there may reasonably be procedures or applications where printed constructs are more justified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Carbon Footprint of the Craniomaxillofacial Surgeon: A Single Center Analysis of 3D-Printed Constructs

Heron

Bhagwat

Zhu

et al. 2023

FACE

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Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) printing plays an expansive role in craniofacial surgical planning and implementation. To better understand when the benefits of this technology outweigh its environmental costs, a focused exploration of the environmental impact of 3D printing is warranted to quantify carbon emissions attributable to craniofacial surgical constructs. Methods: All invoice data from commercial vendors used at Johns Hopkins Hospital for the 2-year period from January 2020 to December 2021 were reviewed. Information on the material composition of each construct was recorded. Additionally, a total of 19 commercial printers were included. Conversion factors from the U.S. EIA were used to calculate the carbon emissions generated by the fuel consumption of each printer per hour. Results: Invoice data revealed 406 patient-specific constructs (158 contour models, 104 guides, 84 implants, and 60 splints). A total of 2644.4 printer hours and 36.1 MW of power were needed to manufacture all constructs. This is equivalent to releasing 15.71 metric tons of carbon emissions, corresponding to the emissions produced by burning 7882.1 kg of coal or 36.4 barrels of oil. Conclusion: 3D printing is a resource-intensive practice in CMF surgery. Therefore, when weighing patient benefits against environmental detriment, CMF surgeons must determine indications where 3D printing is unessential. Restricting prints to the anatomy of interest, minimizing support structures, and reusing printed constructs may all help to lessen the environmental impact of this growing practice.

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Organizational Culture and Corporate Sustainability in Africa

Jadhav

2023

Palgrave Studies in African Leadership

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Using corporate sustainability reporting to assess the environmental footprint of titanium and zirconium mining

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Soil Risk Assessment in the Surrounding Area of Hulene-B Waste Dump, Maputo (Mozambique)

Soil Risk Assessment in the Surrounding Area of Hulene-B Waste Dump, Maputo (Mozambique)

The Carbon Footprint of the Craniomaxillofacial Surgeon: A Single Center Analysis of 3D-Printed Constructs

Organizational Culture and Corporate Sustainability in Africa

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