Using event-related potential P300 as an electrophysiological marker for differential diagnosis and to predict the progression of mild cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis

Abstract

P300 event-related potential component may sensitively predict mild cognitive impairment (MCI) progression. Here, pooled effect size estimates of P300 amplitude and latency were computed at midline electrodes among controls, MCI patients, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Baseline data were compared to one-year follow-up data. MCI patients showed decreased P300 amplitude and prolonged latency compared to controls. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) were -0.67 (95 % CI -1.12 to -0.23, P = 0.003) and 0.90 (95 % CI 0.66-1.14, P < 0.00001), respectively. P300 latency decreased in MCI compared to AD patients where the pooled SMD was -0.52 (95 % CI -0.85 to -0.18, P = 0.003). Amplitude and latency differed between MCI baseline and follow-up. Pooled SMDs were 0.47 (95 % CI 0.29 to -0.65, P < 0.00001) and -0.52 (95 % CI -0.71 to -0.34, P < 0.00001), respectively. Group differences in MCI P300 latency existed compared to control and AD patients. P300 latency may therefore be a sensitive indicator for early cognitive decline or disease progression in MCI patients and identifying elderly patient progression to MCI and/or AD.

The Role of Physical Fitness in the Neurocognitive Performance of Task Switching in Older Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment

“…The elderly with aMCI showed longer P3 latencies in homogenous and heterogeneous conditions in the current study compared to the controls, suggesting decreased efficacy of perceptual/central processing time with regard to performing a cognitive task requiring frequent updating and switching of task sets [53]. Previous research reported that the P3 latency was stable and sensitive in cognitive evaluations of MCI patients and those with conversion from MCI to AD [23]. Indeed, a number of experimental studies also demonstrated prolonged P3 latency in the elderly with aMCI [21,72] and MCI [73][74][75] when performing the visual and auditory oddball tasks.…”

“…Although MCI syndrome is defined as greater than expected cognitive declines based on education and age, and older adults with MCI compared to age-matched controls exhibit impairments in complex activities of daily living [63,64], MCI has often been shown to have no significant effects on daily activities [1,23]. Since the item scores of the SFPF test are associated with independent functioning in the elderly [60], the present study's comparable scores on the SFPF test in aMCI and control groups, except for lower body flexibility, indicate that older adults with aMCI might still have sufficient capacities to show intact overall daily functioning and maintain their usual daily activities.…”

“…First, this study used a cross-sectional research design which does not allow us to address the issue of directionality or causation. Secondly, although the elderly with aMCI showed significantly prolonged P3 latencies and smaller P3 amplitudes when performing the task-switching paradigm, a metaanalysis performed by Jiang et al [23] showed that only P3 latency could be an objective and sensitive indicator for disease progression in MCI patients. However, this earlier work included only a few reports exploring P3 amplitude in MCI patients.…”

“…Several reports over the past decade described the potential diagnostic importance of electrophysiological markers of cognitive decline in patients with MCI and the preclinical stage of AD, as obtained by analysis of the electroencephalography-derived event-related potentials (ERPs) [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. For example, the ERP P2, N2, and P3 components are recognized as effective electrophysiological indices in the early stage of MCI diagnosis [20][21][22][23], as MCI subjects have prolonged P2, N2, and P3 latencies, and reduced P3 amplitudes, compared to healthy elderly controls [20,[24][25][26]. Even specific to the MCI subgroups [e.g., amnestic MCI (aMCI)], these ERP components may also be useful for observing the differences in cognitive processes from those of the healthy elderly [20,24,27,28], and to distinguish the different MCI subtypes (e.g., aMCI versus nonaMCI) [29].…”

Recent progress in migraine and cognitive disorder

“…P3 latency can be used as a sensitive index of early cognitive decline or mild cognitive dysfunction in patients with disease progression. 23 ERP can be used to evaluate the information transfer and cognitive function of the visual cortex in patients with migraine. Clinical studies suggest that a small N270 amplitude is associated with serious symptoms of anxiety and depression.…”