Using Formal Game Design Methods to Embed Learning Outcomes into Game Mechanics and Avoid Emergent Behaviour

Abstract

This paper offers an approach to designing game-based learning experiences inspired by the Mechanics-Dynamics-Aesthetics(MDA)model (Hunickeetal.,2004)andtheelementaltetradmodel (Schell,2008)

Modding Tabletop Games for Education

“…1 shows a workflow for effectively modding tabletop games for educational contexts. This workflow synthesises previous serious game development models [4,5,[17][18][19], incorporating guidelines aimed at educators [13,20], with a particular focus on tabletop GBL [6] and modding [12]. It further enhances previous research by categorising the steps by pedagogic and/or game design expertise and including gameplay loop analysis [21] as a method to map learning mechanics to game mechanics [22] in order to inform both choice and adaptation of games.…”

“…The next, concurrent, steps are to consider the learning and teaching context and to define the intended learning behaviours [4,17,23]. Too often games are developed in isolation of their context and not enough thought is given to how they will be effectively integrated into teaching and learning practice [13,17].…”

“…Educational games which do not successfully combine game design with learning design are ineffective in terms of engagement, learning, or both (often known as a 'spinach sundae': a product which is neither appealing nor good for you [3]). Furthermore, research into game-enhanced learning demonstrates that the different characteristics of different games have discernible effects on the learning behaviours of players [4] and consequently on how well the game achieves its educational purpose [1,5]. In short, educational game design is complex, resource intensive, and requires multiple interdisciplinary skillsets.…”

Desain Game Edukasi Untuk Pembelajaran Teknik Bertahan Hidup Di Alam Liar

“…Salah satu framework untuk merancang game adalah Mechanics Dynamics Aesthetics (MDA). MDA sangat bermanfaat karena MDA dapat digunakan untuk mempertimbangkan perancangan game dari sudut pandang desainer dan pemain game dalam waktu yang sama [6]. Pada game Gempa, framework MDA dikembangkan sebagai kerangka kerja untuk memahami game melalui perspektif pengguna dan pengembang.…”

“…Hal ini juga merupakan hasil dari interaksi dari mekanik dan dinamik yang akhirnya dapat menciptakan suatu emosi seperti mendapatkan badge atau reward yang tidak umum dapat menimbulkan emosi senang pemain [13]. Estetika dapat diciptakan dengan beberapa cara seperti menambahkan cerita pada game untuk meningkatkan motivasi pemain saat bermain game [6]. Aspek estetika pada game Adventure Survival memberikan pengalaman kepada pemain yaitu:…”