Using <i>in vivo</i> animal models for studying SARS-CoV-2

Costa, Camila Braz Pereira da; Cruz, Ana Claudia de Menezes; Penha, Julio Cesar Q; Castro, Helena C.; Cunha, Luís Eduardo Ribeiro da; Ratcliffe, Norman A.; Cisne, Rafael; Martins, Francislene Juliana

doi:10.1080/17460441.2022.1995352

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 155 publications

(304 reference statements)

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“…The choice of an animal model that would allow researchers to observe the histopathological, radiological, or immune changes that the virus caused required that the test animals be susceptible to lung tissue damage and capable of developing an inflammatory process [ 45 ]. Potential species included nonhuman primates, ferrets, rats, mice, Syrian hamsters, lagomorphs, minks, cats, camelids, and even zebrafish [ 46 ].…”

Section: Animal Models and Their Application In Distinct Fields Of Cu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Animal Models in Biomedical Research: Current Insights and Applications

Domínguez-Oliva

Hernández-Ávalos

Martı́nez-Burnes

et al. 2023

Animals

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Animal research is considered a key element in advance of biomedical science. Although its use is controversial and raises ethical challenges, the contribution of animal models in medicine is essential for understanding the physiopathology and novel treatment alternatives for several animal and human diseases. Current pandemics’ pathology, such as the 2019 Coronavirus disease, has been studied in primate, rodent, and porcine models to recognize infection routes and develop therapeutic protocols. Worldwide issues such as diabetes, obesity, neurological disorders, pain, rehabilitation medicine, and surgical techniques require studying the process in different animal species before testing them on humans. Due to their relevance, this article aims to discuss the importance of animal models in diverse lines of biomedical research by analyzing the contributions of the various species utilized in science over the past five years about key topics concerning human and animal health.

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Section: Animal Models and Their Application In Distinct Fields Of Cu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Animal Models in Biomedical Research: Current Insights and Applications

Domínguez-Oliva

Hernández-Ávalos

Martı́nez-Burnes

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…All mouse models come with a substantial drawback related to viral transmission. Even humanized and genetically modified mice are unable to transmit the virus to contact animals ( 127 ). Of note, recent investigations in a neonatal K18-hACE2 mouse model have reported virus transmission in a SARS-CoV-2 variant specific manner ( 128 ) and such promising observations require validation.…”

Section: Small Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models for COVID-19 and tuberculosis

et al. 2023

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Respiratory infections cause tremendous morbidity and mortality worldwide. Amongst these diseases, tuberculosis (TB), a bacterial illness caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which often affects the lung, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), stand out as major drivers of epidemics of global concern. Despite their unrelated etiology and distinct pathology, these infections affect the same vital organ and share immunopathogenesis traits and an imperative demand to model the diseases at their various progression stages and localizations. Due to the clinical spectrum and heterogeneity of both diseases experimental infections were pursued in a variety of animal models. We summarize mammalian models employed in TB and COVID-19 experimental investigations, highlighting the diversity of rodent models and species peculiarities for each infection. We discuss the utility of non-human primates for translational research and emphasize on the benefits of non-conventional experimental models such as livestock. We epitomize advances facilitated by animal models with regard to understanding disease pathophysiology and immune responses. Finally, we highlight research areas necessitating optimized models and advocate that research of pulmonary infectious diseases could benefit from cross-fertilization between studies of apparently unrelated diseases, such as TB and COVID-19.

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“…Large animal models are preferable to faithfully reproduce COVID-19 in humans although they are not able to reproduce all the human pathological manifestations. 144…”

Section: Objectives Of Experimental Models In the Study Of Snc Involv...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large animal models are preferable to faithfully reproduce COVID-19 in humans although they are not able to reproduce all the human pathological manifestations. 144 Several groups analyzed different patterns of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 infection in non-human primates (NHP): rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis), and African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops). 127,128 All models confirmed the presence of the virus in the upper respiratory tract and lung.…”

Section: African Green Monkeys (Chlorocebus Aethiops)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Models of SARS-COV-2 Infection in the Central Nervous System

Paoletti

Melilli

Vecchio

2022

J Cent Nerv Syst Dis

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has raised serious concerns worldwide due to its great impact on human health and forced scientists racing to find effective therapies to control the infection and a vaccine for the virus. To this end, intense research efforts have focused on understanding the viral biology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for COVID-19. The ever-expanding list of cases, reporting clinical neurological complications in COVID-19 patients, strongly suggests the possibility of the virus invading the nervous system. The pathophysiological processes responsible for the neurological impact of COVID-19 are not fully understood. Some neurodegenerative disorders sometimes take more than a decade to manifest, so the long-term pathophysiological outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 neurotropism should be regarded as a challenge for researchers in this field. There is no documentation on the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the human central nervous system (CNS). Most of the data relating to neurological damage during SARS-CoV-2 infection have yet to be established experimentally. The purpose of this review is to describe the knowledge gained, from experimental models, to date, on the mechanisms of neuronal invasion and the effects produced by infection. The hope is that, once the processes are understood, therapies can be implemented to limit the damage produced. Long-term monitoring and the use of appropriate and effective therapies could reduce the severity of symptoms and improve quality of life of the most severely affected patients, with a special focus on those have required hospital care and assisted respiration.

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Using in vivo animal models for studying SARS-CoV-2

Cited by 5 publications

References 155 publications

The Importance of Animal Models in Biomedical Research: Current Insights and Applications

The Importance of Animal Models in Biomedical Research: Current Insights and Applications

Animal models for COVID-19 and tuberculosis

Experimental Models of SARS-COV-2 Infection in the Central Nervous System

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