Using Isotopic and Hydrochemical Indicators to Identify Sources of Sulfate in Karst Groundwater of the Niangziguan Spring Field, China

Tang, Chun-Lei; Jin, Hua; Yongping, Liang

doi:10.3390/w13030390

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Figure 4 shows that the dominant reactions are the dissolution of calcite, dolomite, and gypsum (Wu et al, 2014;Morán-Ramírez, 2016), the latter being responsible for dedolomitization processes that prevail during the dry season, indicating the presence of a base ow of deeper origin. This behavior is con rmed by the increase in SO 4 2− concentration, being noticeable in Ca-SO 4 water types (Yuan et al, 2017;Tang et al, 2021). This is also rea rmed by the isotopic composition, as it is a clear example of the existence of a ow that has traveled deeper and further distances and is recharged in areas of higher elevation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Temporal hydrogeochemical evolution of karst groundwater discharging into a continental-type Ramsar site in the Huasteca Potosina, Mexico

Molina,

Enriquez,

Torre

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Karst groundwater is the main source of water supply for ecosystems that are dependent on its discharges, such as wetlands, which are habitats for various species. Due to their characteristics and significance, it is imperative to conduct research aimed at elucidating the mechanisms governing the water quality and quantity in ecosystems reliant on karst groundwater discharges. The karstic systems are susceptible to contamination, and despite this fact, there is a dearth of information available, which hampers the accurate determination of water quality. The site study is the karst groundwater system discharging in the RAMSAR wetland Ciénaga de Tamasopo (Mexico) affected by the water extraction for the extensive sugar cane agriculture. The goal was to identify the groundwater flow systems discharging into the wetland by using hydrogeochemical and isotopic techniques. Additionally, it aimed to assess the temporal changes in physical and chemical parameters. It was determined that the chemical composition of the water changes with respect to residence time in the subsoil, and the predominant processes are the dissolution–precipitation of calcite, dolomite, and gypsum by water-rock interaction, mixing, and evaporation. This study facilitated the development of a conceptual model for understanding the movement of groundwater in karst systems in a warm, sub-humid climate. This conceptual model is crucial for enhancing water management strategies in the area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Temporal hydrogeochemical evolution of karst groundwater discharging into a continental-type Ramsar site in the Huasteca Potosina, Mexico

Molina,

Enriquez,

Torre

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Hence, the flow peaks brought by precipitation events arrive at the springs at different times, and the superposition effect of spring flow peaks and troughs leads to an overall small fluctuation of spring flow. Compared with the Jakham River basin 45 , Niangziguan karst area 2 , Heilongdong spring basin 46 , and other areas, the catchment area of the karst water in the study area is not large; therefore, the first reason has greater plausibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Identification of origin and runoff of karst groundwater in the glacial lake area of the Jinsha River fault zone, China

Zhang

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Karst groundwater plays important roles as a water supply and in sustaining the biodiversity and ecosystems of the eastern Qinghai–Xizang Plateau. Owing to the stratigraphic structure, high tectonic activity, and changeable climate of the region, the recharge source, runoff path, and dynamic characteristics of karst groundwater are highly complex, which poses challenges with regard to the protection of water resources and ecology. This study identified the origin and flow processes of karst groundwater in the glacial lake area of the Jinsha River fault zone using satellite remote sensing, hydrochemical and isotope analyses, and flow measurements. Results showed that active faults control the distribution of glacial lakes and the recharge, runoff, and discharge of karst groundwater. Glacial lake water is an important source of karst groundwater in the Jinsha River fault zone area. Specifically, glacial lake water continuously recharges the karst system via faults, fractures, and karst conduits, thereby maintaining the relative stability of karst spring flows. Through hierarchical cluster analysis, two main runoff conduits of karst water were distinguished: one along the Dingqu Fault and the other along the Eastern Zhairulong Fault, which together account for 59% of the total regional karst groundwater flow. The elevation difference between the recharge and discharge areas of the main karst springs is > 1000 m. Groundwater runoff is fast and residence time in the aquifer is short. The dissolution of calcite and dolomite mainly occurs during transit through the groundwater system, and cation exchange is weak. Therefore, the regional karst springs are predominantly HCO3−Ca·Mg type. To protect regional karst water resources and ecology, the monitoring and protection of glacial lakes should be strengthened.

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“…In particular, the SO 4 2− /Mg 2+ ratio, the SO 4 2− /Mg 2+ ratio of Youyu River (4.61) is 3.58 times higher than Jinzhong stream (1.29), and higher than other rivers in the world (1.97–165.78 times, and the average is 18.20 times). Moreover, the ratio of SO 4 2− /Mg 2+ was higher in the sampling sites seriously polluted by coal mine wastewater ( Qian et al, 2018 ; Tang, Jin & Liang, 2021 ). Therefore, the higher the SO 4 2− /Mg 2+ in the river water, the more significant the influence of acid mine drainage on it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The abundant rainfall during the periods of high water causes a large amount of SO 4 2− to flow into the river water, thereby increasing the SO 4 2− concentration in the river water. This makes the equilibrium of chemical reaction (3) proceed to the left, and causes significant CaCO 3 deposition ( Tang, Jin & Liang, 2021 ). Meanwhile, the acid condition will transform HCO 3 – in the river water to H 2 CO 3 and will reduce the HCO 3 – concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major ion compositions, sources and risk assessment of karst stream under the influence of anthropogenic activities, Guizhou Province, Southwest China

Yang

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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To explore the influence of different types of anthropogenic activity on the rivers, we investigate the major ion composition, sources and risk assessment of the karst stream (Youyu stream and Jinzhong stream), which are heavily influenced by mining activities and urban sewage, respectively. The chemical compositions of the Youyu stream water, which is heavily influenced by mining activities, are dominated by Ca2+ and SO42–. However, the chemical compositions of the Jinzhong stream water, which is heavily influenced by urban sewage, are dominated by Ca2+ and HCO3–. The Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3– in Jinzhong stream are mainly derived from rock weathering, while the Youyu stream is affected by acid mine drainage, and sulfuric acid is involved in the weathering process. Ion sources analysis indicates that the Na+, K+, NO3–, and Cl– in the Jinzhong stream mainly derive from urban sewage discharge; but NO3– and Cl– of the Youyu stream mainly derive from agricultural activities, and Na+, K+ are mainly from natural sources. The element ratios analysis indicates the ratio of SO42–/Mg2+ in Youyu stream (4.61) polluted by coal mine is much higher than that in Jinzhong stream (1.29), and the ratio of (Na++K++Cl–)/Mg2+ in Jinzhong stream (1.81) polluted by urban sewage is higher than Youyu stream (0.64). Moreover, the ratios of NO3−/Na+, NO3−/K+, and NO3−/Cl− in the agriculturally polluted Youyu stream were higher than those in the Jinzhong stream. We can identify the impact of human activities on streams by ion ratios (SO42–/Mg2+, (Na++K++Cl–)/Mg2+, NO3−/Na+, NO3−/K+, and NO3−/Cl−). The health risk assessment shows the HQT and HQN for children and adults are higher in Jinzhong stream than in Youyu stream and the total HQ value (HQT) of children was higher than one at J1 in the Jinzhong stream, which shows that children in Jinzhong stream basin are threatened by non-carcinogenic pollutants. Each HQ value of F− and NO3− for children was higher than 0.1 in the tributaries into Aha Lake, indicating that the children may also be potentially endangered.

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Using Isotopic and Hydrochemical Indicators to Identify Sources of Sulfate in Karst Groundwater of the Niangziguan Spring Field, China

Cited by 16 publications

References 63 publications

Temporal hydrogeochemical evolution of karst groundwater discharging into a continental-type Ramsar site in the Huasteca Potosina, Mexico

Temporal hydrogeochemical evolution of karst groundwater discharging into a continental-type Ramsar site in the Huasteca Potosina, Mexico

Identification of origin and runoff of karst groundwater in the glacial lake area of the Jinsha River fault zone, China

Major ion compositions, sources and risk assessment of karst stream under the influence of anthropogenic activities, Guizhou Province, Southwest China

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