Using non-invasive MEMS pressure sensors for measuring building envelope air leakage

Casillas, Armando; Modera, Mark; Pritoni, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110653

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Hydraulic data in water supply network objectively reflect the operating status of an entire network and provide the basis for various leak identification methods. Pressure sensors have the advantages of being low cost and non-invasive, with rapid response capabilities [ 19 ]. However, the overuse of pressure sensors will increase the cost burden and consume redundant manpower and material resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Pressure Sensor Deployment for Leak Identification in Water Distribution Networks

Yang

Wang

2023

Sensors

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Pipe leakage is an inevitable phenomenon in water distribution networks (WDNs), leading to energy waste and economic damage. Leakage events can be reflected quickly by pressure values, and the deployment of pressure sensors is significant for minimizing the leakage ratio of WDNs. Concerning the restriction of realistic factors, including project budgets, available sensor installation locations, and sensor fault uncertainties, a practical methodology is proposed in this paper to optimize pressure sensor deployment for leak identification in terms of these realistic issues. Two indexes are utilized to evaluate the leak identification ability, that is, detection coverage rate (DCR) and total detection sensitivity (TDS), and the principle is to determine priority to ensure an optimal DCR and retain the largest TDS with an identical DCR. Leakage events are generated by a model simulation and the essential sensors for maintaining the DCR are obtained by subtraction. In the event of a surplus budget, and if we suppose the partial sensors have failed, then we can determine the supplementary sensors that can best complement the lost leak identification ability. Moreover, a typical WDN Net3 is employed to show the specific process, and the result shows that the methodology is largely appropriate for real projects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Pressure Sensor Deployment for Leak Identification in Water Distribution Networks

Yang

Wang

2023

Sensors

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“…MEMS strain sensors have also been deployed in the design of crackmeters used for measuring cracks in structures [3,4]. Another use of MEMS technology includes the measurement of envelope air leakage in buildings using a network of MEMS pressure sensors [5]. There are multiple actuation methods that MEMS devices can deploy for operation, such as electrostatic [6][7][8], piezoelectric [9], electromagnetic, and electrothermal [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Design Enhancement of Electrothermal Actuators for Microgripping Applications

Pour,

Ghommem,

Abdelkefi

2023

Applied Sciences

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Microgrippers are miniature tools that have the capability to handle and manipulate micro- and nano-scale objects. The present work demonstrates the potential impact of the incorporation of perforations on a ‘hot and cold arm’ electrothermal actuation mechanism in order to improve the operation of microgrippers in terms of arm opening and operating temperature. By applying a voltage to one arm and setting the other as a ground, the current passes through the electrothermal actuator and induces its displacement along the in-plane direction. The difference in the geometry of the two arms causes one arm to expand more than the other and this results in transverse bending. A computational model was developed using a finite element analysis tool to simulate the response of the thermal actuators with varying geometries and investigate the impact of incorporating perforations on the arms of the thermal actuators to enhance its performance in terms of deflection and operating temperature. The simulation results were compared to their experimental counterparts reported in the literature. A good agreement between the numerical and experimental data was obtained. A novel design of a microgripper, made of perforated electrothermal actuators, was introduced. Its main characteristics, including the tip opening of the gripper arms, the applied voltage, and the stress and temperature distributions, were analyzed using the developed computational model. Different perforation shape and distribution were investigated. The present study demonstrates the capability of perforations to enhance the operation of microgrippers as manifested by the obtained higher tip displacement and lower tip temperature in comparison to conventional microgripper designs made of non-perforated thermal actuators. Furthermore, the highest stress generated on the microgripper elements was found to be much lower than the yield strength of the constituent material, which indicates proper functioning without any mechanical failure.

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“…In 1995, Bergveld first introduced the possibility of large-scale equipment miniaturization for chemical analysis [9]. As MEMS devices are currently present in all aspects of the daily life (e.g., image [10], touch [11,12], distance [13], pressure [14][15][16][17][18], temperature [19][20][21], and humidity [22][23][24][25] sensors, microphones [26][27][28][29], gyroscopes [30][31][32][33], accelerometers [34][35][36][37], and magnetometers [38][39][40]), the worldwide MEMS market is expected to grow to $25 billion by 2022 (Figure 1) [3,4,[41][42][43]. Reprinted from an open-access source [43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) for Biomedical Applications

Chircov

Grumezescu

2022

Micromachines

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The significant advancements within the electronics miniaturization field have shifted the scientific interest towards a new class of precision devices, namely microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Specifically, MEMS refers to microscaled precision devices generally produced through micromachining techniques that combine mechanical and electrical components for fulfilling tasks normally carried out by macroscopic systems. Although their presence is found throughout all the aspects of daily life, recent years have witnessed countless research works involving the application of MEMS within the biomedical field, especially in drug synthesis and delivery, microsurgery, microtherapy, diagnostics and prevention, artificial organs, genome synthesis and sequencing, and cell manipulation and characterization. Their tremendous potential resides in the advantages offered by their reduced size, including ease of integration, lightweight, low power consumption, high resonance frequency, the possibility of integration with electrical or electronic circuits, reduced fabrication costs due to high mass production, and high accuracy, sensitivity, and throughput. In this context, this paper aims to provide an overview of MEMS technology by describing the main materials and fabrication techniques for manufacturing purposes and their most common biomedical applications, which have evolved in the past years.

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Using non-invasive MEMS pressure sensors for measuring building envelope air leakage

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Optimal Pressure Sensor Deployment for Leak Identification in Water Distribution Networks

Optimal Pressure Sensor Deployment for Leak Identification in Water Distribution Networks

Modeling and Design Enhancement of Electrothermal Actuators for Microgripping Applications

Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) for Biomedical Applications

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