Using non-invasive non-destructive techniques to monitor cultural heritage objects

Thickett, David; Cheung, CS; Liang, Haida; Twydle, J; Rg, Maev; Gavrilov, Dmitry

doi:10.1784/insi.2017.59.5.230

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The information depth can be extended by using a lower refractive index ATR crystal, such as zinc sulfide, which would extend the information depth to 1.5 µm, albeit with a reduction in sensitivity. Total reflection FTIR can also be used and has been shown to successfully give decent quality spectra at least on some glasses to a depth of up to 2.04 mm [40] and is effective at monitoring the later stages of glass degradation. If sensitive analysis can be repeated at the same point, or using statistical methods across a surface after a time period, real rates of degradation can be analysed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FTIR surface analysis for conservation

Thickett

Pretzel

2020

Herit Sci

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Several FTIR techniques are surface-sensitive. This sensitivity can be utilized to help with a wide range conservation issues. Examples from object degradation studies, conservation materials performance assessment and monitoring are presented. These are used to discuss the issues, advantages and information that can be drawn from studies. Glass degradation was quantified on the surfaces of cover glasses from important Nineteenth century daguerreotypes using Germanium attenuated total reflectance. The very limited information depth endowed by the high refractive index crystal gave good sensitivity when other techniques such as sectioning and scanning electron microscopy had failed to detect a gel layer present. The inner glass surface was always more deteriorated and the degree of deterioration inversely correlated with the distance between the inner glass surface and the daguerreotype or brass matt surface. Reflection-absorption FTIR microscopy has been combined with an excimer laser to determine the water content of a series of sections through the depth of a wax. A common wax used to protect metals has been found to take up liquid water in humid environments and hold that water close to or at the metal surface. An adjustable height gold mirror was used to bounce the IR beam many times across a surface, which can give extreme sensitivity. Haze and smoke generators are increasingly being introduced into displays or for special events or filming. Very low detection limits (1 ng) were found using gold coated glass slides to detect haze deposits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FTIR surface analysis for conservation

Thickett

Pretzel

2020

Herit Sci

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“…-MS: The program scanning mass ranged from 30 amu to 600 amu; the ionization voltage was 70 ev, and the ionization current was 150 mua electron ionization (ei). The ion source and quadrupole temperatures were set at 230 °C and 150 °C, respectively [22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: The Gc-ms Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracts of Quercus dentata leaf

Peng

Sun

Wang³

et al. 2020

Therm sci

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Along with the development of our economic society and the growing demand for wood, the value of the use of Quercus dentata Thunb has also increased year by year. However, the traditional trees used are resources that are cut down, and development primarily uses only the branches, while ignoring the value in using the rest of the trees. Thiscauses a waste of resources. In response, this study uses benzene, an alcohol found in Quercus dentata Thunb leaf extract. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used for catalytic cracking products, and the efficient extraction of pyrolysis products were studied. Analysis shows that Quercus dentata Thunb leaf extract species contain a variety of biological active ingredients; and the ingredients in pharmaceutical and chemical production have very high value. For example, the Quercus dentata Thunb leaf of benzyl alcohol extract, Lupeol, has significant anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammatory effects. The analysis of the chemical composition of the Quercus dentata Thunb leaf provides a new theoretical basis.

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“…As for mathematical and analytical algorithms, the most advanced algorithms are Principal Component Thermography (PCT) and its improved versions (Sparse Principal Component Thermography (SPCT) and Independent Component Thermography (ICT)), and Dynamic Thermal Tomography (DTT). Thickett et al [ 27 ] applied PCT to a series of mediaeval Limoges enamel plaques from the Werner Collection, displayed at Rangers House, London. PCT results shown the position of cracks with different depths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction of Deep Learning in Thermographic Monitoring of Cultural Heritage and Improvement by Automatic Thermogram Pre-Processing Algorithms

Garrido

Erazo-Aux

Lagüela

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The monitoring of heritage objects is necessary due to their continuous deterioration over time. Therefore, the joint use of the most up-to-date inspection techniques with the most innovative data processing algorithms plays an important role to apply the required prevention and conservation tasks in each case study. InfraRed Thermography (IRT) is one of the most used Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) techniques in the cultural heritage field due to its advantages in the analysis of delicate objects (i.e., undisturbed, non-contact and fast inspection of large surfaces) and its continuous evolution in both the acquisition and the processing of the data acquired. Despite the good qualitative and quantitative results obtained so far, the lack of automation in the IRT data interpretation predominates, with few automatic analyses that are limited to specific conditions and the technology of the thermographic camera. Deep Learning (DL) is a data processor with a versatile solution for highly automated analysis. Then, this paper introduces the latest state-of-the-art DL model for instance segmentation, Mask Region-Convolution Neural Network (Mask R-CNN), for the automatic detection and segmentation of the position and area of different surface and subsurface defects, respectively, in two different artistic objects belonging to the same family: Marquetry. For that, active IRT experiments are applied to each marquetry. The thermal image sequences acquired are used as input dataset in the Mask R-CNN learning process. Previously, two automatic thermal image pre-processing algorithms based on thermal fundamentals are applied to the acquired data in order to improve the contrast between defective and sound areas. Good detection and segmentation results are obtained regarding state-of-the-art IRT data processing algorithms, which experience difficulty in identifying the deepest defects in the tests. In addition, the performance of the Mask R-CNN is improved by the prior application of the proposed pre-processing algorithms.

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Using non-invasive non-destructive techniques to monitor cultural heritage objects

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

FTIR surface analysis for conservation

FTIR surface analysis for conservation

Extracts of Quercus dentata leaf

Introduction of Deep Learning in Thermographic Monitoring of Cultural Heritage and Improvement by Automatic Thermogram Pre-Processing Algorithms

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