Using plant chemistry to improve interactions between plants, herbivores and their natural enemies: challenges and opportunities

Erb, Matthias; Züst, Tobias; Robert, Christelle Aurélie Maud

doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2021.05.011

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Four different groups of glucosides include metabolites derived from methionine (aliphatic glucosinolates), glucosinolates derived from tryptophan (indole glucosinolates), glucosinolates derived from tyrosine or phenylalanine (aromatic glucosinolates), and glucosinolates derived from different amino acids or one unknown amino acid [ 24 ]. Glucosinolates are typically present in cell vacuoles [ 16 ] and are covered by myrosinases (thioglucosidase). Herbivore injury results in disruption of plant cells, as a result of which glucosinolates are broken down by myrosinases into toxic metabolites, such as nitriles, thiocyanates and isothiocyanates.…”

Section: Types Of Secondary Plant Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, insects have been found to show different adaptive responses, including detoxification, excretion or sequestration of plant secondary metabolites [ 10 ]. Although the role of secondary metabolites in plant defense is well established, in addition some metabolites are used to attract insect pollinators and parasitoids [ 16 , 17 ]. Secondary metabolites are seen as not only a cost-effective and ecologically friendly means to sustain agriculture, but they also compete with agrochemicals in terms of plant growth and protection [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant Secondary Metabolites as Defense Tools against Herbivores for Sustainable Crop Protection

Divekar

Narayana

Divekar³

et al. 2022

IJMS

299

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Plants have evolved several adaptive strategies through physiological changes in response to herbivore attacks. Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) are synthesized to provide defensive functions and regulate defense signaling pathways to safeguard plants against herbivores. Herbivore injury initiates complex reactions which ultimately lead to synthesis and accumulation of PSMs. The biosynthesis of these metabolites is regulated by the interplay of signaling molecules comprising phytohormones. Plant volatile metabolites are released upon herbivore attack and are capable of directly inducing or priming hormonal defense signaling pathways. Secondary metabolites enable plants to quickly detect herbivore attacks and respond in a timely way in a rapidly changing scenario of pest and environment. Several studies have suggested that the potential for adaptation and/or resistance by insect herbivores to secondary metabolites is limited. These metabolites cause direct toxicity to insect pests, stimulate antixenosis mechanisms in plants to insect herbivores, and, by recruiting herbivore natural enemies, indirectly protect the plants. Herbivores adapt to secondary metabolites by the up/down regulation of sensory genes, and sequestration or detoxification of toxic metabolites. PSMs modulate multi-trophic interactions involving host plants, herbivores, natural enemies and pollinators. Although the role of secondary metabolites in plant-pollinator interplay has been little explored, several reports suggest that both plants and pollinators are mutually benefited. Molecular insights into the regulatory proteins and genes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites will pave the way for the metabolic engineering of biosynthetic pathway intermediates for improving plant tolerance to herbivores. This review throws light on the role of PSMs in modulating multi-trophic interactions, contributing to the knowledge of plant-herbivore interactions to enable their management in an eco-friendly and sustainable manner.

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Section: Types Of Secondary Plant Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Secondary Metabolites as Defense Tools against Herbivores for Sustainable Crop Protection

Divekar

Narayana

Divekar³

et al. 2022

IJMS

299

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“…In the field, sugarcane plants are exposed to a myriad of biological interactions that may occur all at once or in different combinations (Figure 1), to which the plant responds by modulating a vast repertoire of defense-related genes to achieve healthy development and a good agronomic yield (Lo Presti et al, 2015;Souza et al, 2017;Sathyabhama et al, 2022). Plant defenses include the accumulation of secondary metabolites that can act as signals for the upregulation of defense response genes, such as wound-induced or pathogenesis-related proteinencoding genes, or even as volatiles or exudates that attract antagonists of herbivores and pathogens (Souza et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2017;Erb et al, 2021;Divekar et al, 2022). In the Virus-Aphid Complex, viral pathogens such as sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and yellow leaf virus (ScYLV) are transmitted through different molecular strategies by aphids feeding on sugarcane leaves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugarcane multitrophic interactions: Integrating belowground and aboveground organisms

et al. 2023

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Sugarcane is a crop of major importance used mainly for sugar and biofuel production, and many additional applications of its byproducts are being developed. Sugarcane cultivation is plagued by many insect pests and pathogens that reduce sugarcane yields overall. Recently emerging studies have shown complex multitrophic interactions in cultivated areas, such as the induction of sugarcane defense-related proteins by insect herbivory that function against fungal pathogens that commonly appear after mechanical damage. Fungi and viruses infecting sugarcane also modulate insect behavior, for example, by causing changes in volatile compounds responsible for insect attraction or repelling natural vector enemies via a mechanism that increases pathogen dissemination from infected plants to healthy ones. Interestingly, the fungus Fusarium verticillioides is capable of being vertically transmitted to insect offspring, ensuring its persistence in the field. Understanding multitrophic complexes is important to develop better strategies for controlling pathosystems affecting sugarcane and other important crops and highlights the importance of not only studying binary interactions but also adding as many variables as possible to effectively translate laboratory research to real-life conditions.

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“…6 These volatiles play vital roles in plant-herbivore-natural enemy tritrophic interactions by attracting predators and parasitoids to severely impair or remove the herbivores. [7][8][9][10] In addition, HIPVs serve as aerial priming cues in preparing systemic tissues and neighboring plants against oncoming attacks. 11 Previous studies showed that herbivorous insects gain less weight after feeding on HIPV-primed neighboring plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One such defense system involves the release of herbivore‐induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) 6 . These volatiles play vital roles in plant–herbivore–natural enemy tritrophic interactions by attracting predators and parasitoids to severely impair or remove the herbivores 7–10 . In addition, HIPVs serve as aerial priming cues in preparing systemic tissues and neighboring plants against oncoming attacks 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile‐mediated tritrophic defense and priming in neighboring maize against Ostrinia furnacalis and Mythimna separata

Foba

Shi

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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Background: Plants respond to attackers by triggering phytohormones signaling associated metabolites, including herbivoreinduced plant volatiles (HIPVs). HIPVs can indirectly act against herbivory by recruitment of natural enemies and priming of neighboring plants. Ostrinia furnacalis and Mythimna separata are important insect herbivores of maize plants that have a devastating influence on yield. However, little is known about how maize temporally reconfigures its defense systems against these herbivores and variation of neighboring plant resistance.Results: This study investigated the effects of HIPVs on the behavior of the dominant predatory beetle Harmonia axyridis and priming in neighboring maize defense against O. furnacalis and M. separata over time. The results showed that maize damaged by either O. furnacalis or M. separata enhanced the release of volatiles including terpenes, aldehydes, alkanes and an ester, which elicited an increased attractive response to H. axyridis after 3 and 12 h, respectively. O. furnacalis damage resulted in accumulations of leaf jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid in maize after 6 and 3 h, respectively, while M. separata damage only raised the JA level after 3 h. Furthermore, HIPVs were able to prime neighboring plants through the accumulation of JA after 24 h. Both larvae showed a significant decrease in weight accumulation after 48 h of feeding on the third leaves of the primed plant.Conclusion: Taken together, the findings provide a dynamic overview of how attacked maize reconfigures its volatiles and phytohormones to defend against herbivores, as well as priming of neighboring plants against oncoming attacks.

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Using plant chemistry to improve interactions between plants, herbivores and their natural enemies: challenges and opportunities

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

Plant Secondary Metabolites as Defense Tools against Herbivores for Sustainable Crop Protection

Plant Secondary Metabolites as Defense Tools against Herbivores for Sustainable Crop Protection

Sugarcane multitrophic interactions: Integrating belowground and aboveground organisms

Volatile‐mediated tritrophic defense and priming in neighboring maize against Ostrinia furnacalis and Mythimna separata

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