Using remote sensing to evaluate coastal erosion and accretion to guide conservation of turtle nesting sites

Tidal Characteristics in Southern Waters of Java - Indonesia

“…Even though the values look pretty varied, they are classified into one class only, namely the mixed tide prevailing semi-diurnal. This type of tide means two high tides and two low tides in one day, but the height and period differ (Finkl and Makowski, 2019;Lee and Chang, 2019;Tapilatu et al, 2022). More detail can be seen clearly in the tidal chart presented in Figure 3.…”

“…Based on tidal data for 29 days for each tidal station, the tidal harmonic constants' amplitude values are obtained, presented in Table 4. Furthermore, by comparing the amplitude (wave height) of the leading single tidal elements with the main double tidal elements using the formula in Equation 1 (Tapilatu et al 2022), the Formzahl values (F) for each tidal station can also be obtained (Table 4). (Source: Data analysis, 2023)…”

“…Determining the type of tides can be known of them through the results of the Admiralty method analysis (Glen, 2015;Tapilatu et al, 2022;Adalya and Mutaqin, 2022;Hoseini and Soltanpour, 2022). The Admiralty method is a simplified graphical method for obtaining tidal curve predictions to provide estimates generated with full predictions using far more data (Glen, 2015;Tapilatu et al, 2022).…”

“…The Admiralty method is used to find the harmonic components of the tides. The Admiralty method can calculate the highest high tide or Highest High-Water Level (HHWL) and lowest low tide or Lowest Low Water Level (LLWL) (Glen 2015;Tapilatu et al 2022). The advantage of this method is that it can be used in various water conditions and requires input for a short observation period (Glen, 2015;Tapilatu et al, 2022;Adalya and Mutaqin, 2022;Hoseini and Soltanpour, 2022).…”

“…The data obtained from each station was then processed using the Admiralty method to obtain the amplitude values of the tidal harmonic constants (Table 2), including the Formzahl values (Tapilatu et al, 2022;Adalya and Mutaqin, 2022). Calculation of the Formzahl value for determining the type of tide (Table 3) is obtained by comparing the amplitude (wave height) of the leading single tide elements with the main double tide elements using the formula in Equation 1 (Tapilatu et al, 2022). The results of the calculation of the formula will determine the type of tide at the study location.…”