Using the Fuzzy Delphi Method to Study the Construction Needs of an Elementary Campus and Achieve Sustainability

Abstract

One of the crucial concerns for achieving a campus’s sustainable development is that the school buildings should meet the needs of students and teachers. The design of school buildings should not only facilitate teaching activities but also provide a teaching environment that stimulates or encourages autonomous learning in students. School buildings are the site of classroom instruction and also serve as a teaching tool that helps in achieving educational objectives and providing compulsory education. They must consider modern ideas before construction, since education is constantly reformed and updated using new policies. Elementary school teachers and students are the most frequent users of school buildings, and their needs must be prioritized vis-à-vis elementary school building construction. We invited a total of 29 scholars, experts, and school managers to help create questionnaires to assess user level of need for each item of school building design, employing the fuzzy Delphi method. Questionnaires were divided into four major dimensions, namely campus buildings, campus environment, athletic fields, and auxiliary facilities, and the dimensions were composed of 33 items. The targets of the survey were teachers and students at a school located in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. The results suggest that teachers and students both most highly value improved athletic fields; in particular, an indoor stadium was the most highly desired construction project. For safety reasons, replacing school walls with dwarf hedges was the least desirable item among teachers and students. Our objective was to provide a school building design reference for school administrative authorities and architects.

Analysis of Key Indicators Related to the Teaching of Floral Art Skills Competition Based on Fuzzy Hierarchical Model

“…In the past 23 years, it has hosted many tea competitions at all levels and won more than 20 national and provincial tea competitions. e College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture has been running a regular floral arrangement skills competition for students from the province since 2012, with a series of activities such as precompetition coaching, floral arrangement training, and master lectures at different levels [11]. On the one hand, the competitions enrich the students' lives after school, increase their motivation to study, enable them to learn and think about another skill to earn a living, and broaden the path of graduation competition for university students; on the other hand, the development of such subject skills competitions is a great support to the school's overall academic style construction work, which is of great importance.…”

A Composite Resilience Index (CRI) for Developing Resilience and Sustainability in University Towns

“…The data collected from this panel of experts is often complicated and unstructured. Therefore, another multicriterial decision-making method such as AHP is needed to integrate the subjective and objective perceptions of the experts and harmonize the criteria and the alternative elements into a hierarchical structure [56]. These two methods are commonly used together because they complement each other in a non-fuzzy environment [57].…”

Environmental Assessment of University Campuses: The Case of the University of Navarra in Pamplona (Spain)

“…Sustainability 2021, 13, 8588 2 of 17 The EC has proposed achieving the general objective of reducing GHG emissions by 80% by 2050. In the "Roadmap for Moving to a Competitive Low-Carbon Economy in 2050", it is suggested that the most profitable way would be a reduction in the order of 20% every ten years.…”

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