Using the Method of Creating Problem Situations in the Process of Teaching Professional Disciplines

Abstract

SECTION 9. THEORY, PRACTICE AND TEACHING METHODS Using the method of creating problem situations in the process of teaching professional disciplinesModern pedagogical science is in the process of constant development: as the role of man in culture, economy and all spheres of social relations changes, the goals of education change, pedagogical methods improve, new ideas appear.In the theory and practice of pedagogy today there are a large number of different concepts, theories, approaches to learning, based on certain educational goals, on certain features of the transfer or acquisition of knowledge. Learning technologies are characterized by rational organization of educational activities, the ability to obtain the desired result at the lowest cost, the introduction of systems thinking. Such technologies allow to make the educational process manageable with orderliness of actions and guarantee achievement of pedagogical purposes.The task of the modern school is the formation of a harmoniously developed personality. If learning leads to the development of creative abilities, then such learning can be equated to developmental learning, and the teacher, based on knowledge of the patterns of development of thinking, special methods carry out purposeful work to form mental abilities and cognitive needs of students in learning.Such training is problematic.Problem-based learning arose as an attempt to overcome the main shortcoming of traditional learning, which exploits a person's memory and virtually eliminates the possibility of his mental activity. At the core of problem-based learning is the idea of the American educator and psychologist D. Dewey, who believed that instead of instilling false absolutes in students, education should prepare schoolchildren and students to solve problems that grow with their individual experience [484][485][486].The purpose of the article is to detection the main aspects of the application of the method of creating problem situations in the teaching of professional disciplines.To achieve this goal it is necessary to solve the following tasks: analyze the available sources of problem-based learning; to reveal the essence of problem-based