Utilisation of waste glass powder to improve the performance of hazardous incinerated biomedical waste ash geopolymer concrete

Abstract

A mixture of hazardous waste from various places, including hospitals, testing facilities, clinics, etc., is a biomedical waste. It is possible that eventually, there could be a significant risk to human lives and the survival of plant and animal life on this planet from hazardous biomedical waste disposal. Biomedical waste is usually burnt at an incineration plant and produces ash called incinerated biomedical waste ash (IBWA). If IBWA is not disposed correctly, it may contaminate the groundwater because heavy metals not eliminated during the incineration process. The groundwater contamination problem due to IBWA may be minimised using geopolymer concrete (GPC). When discussing pollution and the environment, another big issue involves waste glass. There was a rise in the quantity of waste glass generated each day, and the recycling region is restricted. To minimise this issue, we can exploit the waste glass powder in the construction sectors. The substitute for cement concrete is geopolymer concrete which was predominantly manufactured from renewable resources. This research work aims to produce the geopolymer concrete at room temperature. The ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) with IBWA ratio is fixed as 70:30, and the fine aggregate (M-Sand) is replaced with varying the glass powder as 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45% and 50% have been done and cured under ambient curing. The addition of IBWA and glass powder has been performed to increase the reactivity and performance of geopolymer concrete. KeywordsGeopolymer concrete • Incinerated biomedical waste ash • GGBS • Waste glass powder • Mechanical properties • Rheological properties

Experimental investigation of geopolymer concrete along with biomedical and bone China waste at different molarities of sodium hydroxide

“…Stronger and denser materials are produced when sodium hydroxide concentrations are raised from 8 to 16 M (Kumaravel and Sivakumar 2018 ; Farhan et al 2018 ; Abbass and Singh 2021a ; Gunasekara et al 2015 , 2016 ). The micro-filler effect of BMW is also responsible for the high density of the mixes as it is suggested that the use of 30% BMW as replacement of GGBFS in GPC has resulted in high density (Suresh Kumar et al 2022a , 2022b , 2022c , 2023 ; Arunachalam et al 2022 ). The enhanced density is also reported, when the replacement of fly ash in GPC by 30% waste wood ash is done (Arunkumar et al 2023 , 2021 , 2022a , 2022b ; Arun et al 2022 ).…”

“…The enhanced density is also reported, when the replacement of fly ash in GPC by 30% waste wood ash is done (Arunkumar et al 2023 , 2021 , 2022a , 2022b ; Arun et al 2022 ). The use of waste glass powder along with BMW in GPC has resulted in compact bonding ultimately resulting in high density of GPC mixes (Suresh Kumar et al 2022b , 2022c ).…”

“…The micro-filler effect of BMW is also responsible for the high FST of the mixes as it is suggested that the use of 30% BMW as replacement of GGBFS in GPC has resulted in high FST (Suresh Kumar et al 2022a , 2022b , 2022c , 2023 ; Arunachalam et al 2022 ). The enhanced STST is also reported, when the replacement of fly ash in GPC by 30% waste wood ash is done (Arunkumar et al 2023 , 2021 , 2022a , 2022b ; Arun et al 2022 ).…”

“…The enhanced STST is also reported, when the replacement of fly ash in GPC by 30% waste wood ash is done (Arunkumar et al 2023 , 2021 , 2022a , 2022b ; Arun et al 2022 ). The use of waste glass powder along with BMW in GPC has resulted in increased fracture resistance and compact bonding ultimately resulting in high FST (Suresh Kumar et al 2022b , 2022c ). The self-healing GPC with 1% bacillus subtilis and bacillus sphaericus along with 0.75% glass fibre and 0.25% polypropylene fibre has resulted in increased FST more than 53.70% due to compact bonding and high-density gain (Ganesh et al 2021 ).…”

Incorporation of Silica fume and Metakaolin to improve the Durability properties in Self-curing concrete

“…The use of pozzolonic materials in the manufacture of concrete has a long history. Metakaolin (MK) [1,2,18], Fly Ash (FA) [3,4], Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) [5,6], Low Calcium Wood Ash (LCWA) [7,8], Biomedical Waste Ash (BWA) [9,10], E-Waste [11,12], Silica Fume (SF) [1,13,21,23,24], Glass Powder (GP) [Suresh ) [14,15], Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) [16] and Rice Husk Ash (RHA) [17]. Manufacturing wastes, including fly ash, metakaolin, silica fume, blast furnace slag, and rice husk ash, are the most prevalent pozzolans utilized globally.…”