Utility of CrIS/ATMS profiles to diagnose extratropical transition

Berndt, Emily; Folmer, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/j.rinp.2017.12.006

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…There were also times when the Gridded NUCAPS data did not closely match the radiosonde and NWP data. Cloud cover also can have an impact on the accuracy of Gridded NUCAPS data (Berndt et al 2018, Nalli et al 2017, and poor-quality data in cloudy regions were filtered out of the product, leaving gaps. Forecasters also highlighted Gridded NUCAPS latency issues during both assessments, which were especially evident during the initiation of CAA events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was the first time polar-orbiting satellite soundings became routinely available to operational meteorologists. Today, NUCAPS soundings are used to verify forecast model fields, observe complex weather over the ocean and mountains, improve mesoscale situational awareness of the preconvective environment (Zavodsky et al 2016(Zavodsky et al , 2017Smith et al 2018), and monitor synoptic-scale storm evolution (Zavodsky et al 2013;Berndt et al 2016;Berndt and Folmer 2018). Additionally, they provide quantitative information about freezing levels, midlevel moisture, and other critical temperature thresholds for severe weather analysis (The Satellite Proving Ground at the Hazardous Weather Testbed 2017; The Satellite Proving Ground at the Hazardous Weather Testbed 2018).…”

Section: A Nucaps Satellite Soundingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Addressing the Cold Air Aloft Aviation Challenge with Satellite Sounding Observations

Weaver

Smith

Berndt

et al. 2019

J. Operational Meteor.

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At high latitudes in winter, the atmosphere at flight levels used by passenger and cargo aircraft can reach temperatures cold enough to restrict the flow of jet fuel from the fuel tanks to the engine, due either to water freezing in the fuel or the fuel itself freezing. Currently, aviation forecasters rely on a combination of aircraft reports, pilot reports, a sparse network of radiosondes, and global model fieldsfor identifying and characterizing Cold Air Aloft (CAA) events. More atmospheric data are needed to improve forecasts of CAA placement and timing, and satellite observations can help fill the gap. In particular, products derived from the NOAA-Unique Combined Atmospheric Processing System (NUCAPS) can be utilized by National Weather Service (NWS) forecasters to assist in the production of aviation hazard products. NUCAPS combines measurements from infrared and microwave sounding instruments on polar-orbiting satellites to retrieve atmospheric profiles of temperature and moisture in the high latitudes. NWS forecasters have real-time access to NUCAPS soundings via the Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System-II (AWIPS-II). The Joint Polar Satellite System Sounding Applications Initiative created Gridded NUCAPS in order to view soundings as isobaric surfaces or vertical cross sections in AWIPS-II. The Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA) developed a web-based product for displaying satellite-derived CAA information. This paper describes how the AWIPS-II and CIRA displays of satellite sounding observations augment aviation forecasting activities in Alaska using two specific CAA cases from the 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 winter seasons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Nucaps Satellite Soundingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing the Cold Air Aloft Aviation Challenge with Satellite Sounding Observations

Weaver

Smith

Berndt

et al. 2019

J. Operational Meteor.

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“…These instruments have had a large impact on the quality of numerical weather prediction models through the assimilation of channel subsets from cloud-free scenes [14,[39][40][41][42]. Moreover, the operational and scientific value of retrieved sounding products is reflected in the literature with studies on a wide range of subjects; from weather and climate feedback studies to regional radiative processes and the forecasting of extreme weather events [17,20,22,[43][44][45]. SNPP and EOS/Aqua now have more than seven years of overlap.…”

Section: Hyperspectral Infrared Soundersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, inversion methods are designed to retrieve state variables for weather applications [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] that can tolerate a degree of scene-dependent uncertainty and correlation because the high rate of change in weather systems greatly exceeds product uncertainty. It is when one considers climate applications that depend on the quantification of a low rate of change and subtle correlations among ECVs over large space-time scales that product uncertainty must be carefully treated and fully characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty Characterization and Propagation in the Community Long-Term Infrared Microwave Combined Atmospheric Product System (CLIMCAPS)

2019

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The Community Long-term Infrared Microwave Combined Atmospheric Product System (CLIMCAPS) retrieves multiple Essential Climate Variables (ECV) about the vertical atmosphere from hyperspectral infrared measurements made by the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS, 2002–present) and its successor, the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS, 2011–present). CLIMCAPS ECVs are profiles of temperature and water vapor, column amounts of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4), ozone (O3) and precursor gases (CO, SO2) as well as cloud properties. AIRS (and CrIS) spectral measurements are highly correlated signals of many atmospheric state variables. CLIMCAPS inverts an AIRS (and CrIS) measurement into a set of discrete ECVs by employing a sequential Bayesian approach in which scene-dependent uncertainty is rigorously propagated. This not only linearizes the inversion problem but explicitly accounts for spectral interference from other state variables so that the correlation among ECVs (and their uncertainty) may be minimized. Here, we outline the CLIMCAPS retrieval methodology with specific focus given to its sequential scene-dependent uncertainty propagation system. We conclude by demonstrating continuity in two CLIMCAPS ECVs across AIRS and CrIS so that a long-term data record may be generated to study the feedback cycles characterizing our climate system.

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“…As a result of the SEVIRI dust recipe, dust is indicated by a pinkish color. Due to differences in the spectral width and central wavelength of ABI bands compared to SEVIRI bands, the color component thresholds were adapted to account for the differing spectral characteristics and maintain the appearance of the dust product generated with ABI bands compared to SEVIRI bands (Shimizu 2015, Berndt et al 2018. For example, the ABI band centered near 10.35 µm has a spectral width from 10.1 µm to 10.6 µm-0.5 µm; in contrast, the SEVIRI band centered near 10.80 µm has a spectral width from 9.8 µm to 11.8 µm-2.0 µm.…”

Section: Observations From 16-17 February 2020mentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite Imagery and Products of the 16–17 February 2020 Saharan Air Layer Dust Event over the Eastern Atlantic: Impacts of Water Vapor on Dust Detection and Morphology

Grasso¹,

Bikos²,

Torres³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. On 16–17 February 2020, dust within a Saharan Air Layer (SAL) from western Africa moved over the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Satellite imagery and products from ABI on GOES-16, VIIRS on NOAA-20, and CALIOP on CALIPSO along with retrieved values of layer and total precipitable water (TPW) from MiRS and NUCAPS, respectively, were used to identify dust within the SAL over the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Use of various satellite imagery and products were also used to characterize the distribution of water vapor within the SAL. There was a distinct pattern between dust detection and dust masking and values of precipitable water. Specifically, dust was detected when values of layer or TPW were approximately 14 mm; in addition, dust was masked when values of layer or TPW were approximately 28 mm. In other words, water vapor masked infrared dust detection if sufficient amounts of water vapor existed in a column. Results herein provide observational support to two recent numerical studies that concluded water vapor can mask infrared detection of airborne dust.

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Utility of CrIS/ATMS profiles to diagnose extratropical transition

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Addressing the Cold Air Aloft Aviation Challenge with Satellite Sounding Observations

Addressing the Cold Air Aloft Aviation Challenge with Satellite Sounding Observations

Uncertainty Characterization and Propagation in the Community Long-Term Infrared Microwave Combined Atmospheric Product System (CLIMCAPS)

Satellite Imagery and Products of the 16–17 February 2020 Saharan Air Layer Dust Event over the Eastern Atlantic: Impacts of Water Vapor on Dust Detection and Morphology

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